Table 1.
Description of participants (n = 272)
| Demographics | |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (s.d.) | 64.7 (8.0) |
| Female sex, % | 44.5 |
| African American, % | 7.7 |
| BMI, mean (s.d.) | 28.1 (5.6) |
| Smoking history | |
| Pack-years smoked, mean (s.d.) | 51.1 (25.4) |
| Currently smoking, % | 25.4 |
| Lung function | |
| FEV1 in liters, mean (s.d.) | 1.70 (0.77) |
| FEV1% predicted, mean (s.d.) | 59.0 (22.5) |
| FEV1/FVC, mean (s.d.) | 0.51 (0.13) |
| Spirometry severity GOLD stages 3-4, % | 37.9 |
| Markers of respiratory impact | |
| Annual respiratory events, mean (s.d.) | 0.6 (1.1) |
| Chronic bronchitis symptoms, % | 22.8 |
| mMRC dyspnea score, mean (s.d.) | 1.8 (1.3) |
| Comorbid conditions, % | |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 32.4 |
| Other cardiovascular risk factors | 66.5 |
| Diabetes | 11.0 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 22.1 |
| Musculoskeletal disease | 38.6 |
Definition of abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; GOLD = Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease; mMRC = modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale; s.d. = standard deviation.