Table 1. Soluble mediators associated with neutrophilic airway inflammation.
Cytokines | References | |
---|---|---|
IL-1α | ↑ | [121] |
IL-1β | ↑ | [122, 123] |
IL-1Ra | ↓ | [124] |
IL-6 | ↑ | [125] |
IL-10 | ↓ | [126, 127] |
IL-17 | ↑ | [24, 25, 40] |
IL-23 | ↑ | [128, 129] |
IFN-γ | ↑ | [22, 23] |
TNF-α | ↑ | [130, 131] |
Lipids | ||
LTB4 | ↑ | [132] |
Lipoxin A4 | ↓ | [133, 134] |
ResolvinD1/E1 | ↓ | [134, 135] |
PGD2 | ↓ | [136] |
Chemokines | ||
CXCL1 | ↑ | [137, 138] |
CXCL5 | ↑ | [59] |
CXCL6 | ↑ | [139] |
CXCL8 | ↑ | [140] |
Complement/peptides | ||
C5a | ↑ | [141, 142] |
FMLP | ↑ | [143, 144] |