Table 1.
Effect of Patient Navigation on Diagnosis as Primary Outcome
| Author/Year | Level of Evidence | Sample | Cancer Type | Type of Navigator | Navigation Effective? | Bias Score and Risk Assessment | Average Time to Diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percac-Lima (2015) | IIb | 369 women who were nonwhite, non-English speaking or had Medicaid or no insurance | 1 | Yes | 9 - Low | Not Reported | |
| Lee (2014) | IIb | 193 racial & ethnic minority participants | 2 | -- | Yes | 10 - Low | Not Reported |
| Freund (2014) | IIb | 10,521 mainly racial & ethnic minority and uninsured/publicly insured participants | 1, 2, 3, 4 | -- | Yes | Unable to Assess | Not Reported |
| Bensink (2014) | IIb | 4330 racial & ethnic minority/ low income participants | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
-- + |
Yes | Unable to Assess | Mean: 110 days PN vs 109 days control |
| Lee (2013) | IIb | 1,039 mainly low- income, non-English speaking, Hispanic women | 1 | -- | Yes | 11- Low | Median: 6.2 months PN vs 12 months control |
| Battaglia (2012) | IIb | 3,041 women mainly from racial & ethnic minority groups | 1, 3 | + | Yes | 8 - Low | Not Reported |
| Dudley (2012) | IIIb | 461 mainly low income women with lower education level | 1 |
-- + |
Yes | 8 - Low | Mean (Hispanic): 36.65 PN vs 52.96 control Mean (other minorities): 37.68 PN vs 70 control |
| Markossian (2012) | IIb | 897 low-income, racial & ethnic minority women | 1, 3 |
-- ** |
Yes | 9 - Low | Not Reported |
| Paskett (2012) | IIb | 862 participants from clinics serving mainly minority, low-income, and elderly patients. | 1, 2, 3 | + | Yes | 10 - Low | Not Reported |
| Raich (2012) | IIb | 993 mainly racial & ethnic minority and uninsured/publicly insured participants | 1, 2, 4 | -- | Yes | 10 - Low | Not Reported |
| Wells (2012) | IIb | 1,267 mainly racial & ethnic minority and uninsured/publicly insured participants | 1, 2 | -- | No | 11- Low | Mean: 61 days PN vs 42 days control |
| Ferrante (2008) | IIb | 105 non-English speaking Hispanic women | 1 | + | Yes | 11 - Low | Mean: 25.0 days PN vs 42.7 days control |
| Ell (2007) | IIb | 204 Hispanic women with low incomes and non-English speaking | 1 |
-- ** |
Yes | 10 - Low | Not Reported |
| Ell (2002) | IIb | 196 Hispanic women with low incomes | 3 |
-- ** |
Yes | 5 - Moderate | Not Reported |
| Ell (2002) | IIIb | 605 culturally diverse women with low incomes | 1 |
-- ** |
Yes | 8 - Low | Not reported |
Description of patient navigator effect on diagnosis. Lay navigator (--), professional health care workers (+), & MSW (**). Breast Cancer (1), Colorectal (2), Cervical (3), & Prostate (4).