Table 4. Segmental analyses of plaque characteristics according to MLA.
| Low MLA (<4.0 mm2; n=30) | p value | High MLA (≥4.0 mm2; n=30) | p value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proximal | Mid | Distal | Proximal | Mid | Distal | ||||
| Grey-scale IVUS | |||||||||
| IVUS LL (mm) | 5.8±4.8 | 7.0±4.6 | 6.1±4.7 | 0.547 | 4.9±2.7* | 7.0±3.6† | 4.7±3.2* | 0.009 | |
| PB (%) | 55.7±5.9* | 69.2±5.7† | 53.8±7.9* | <0.001 | 55.5±5.8* | 66.8±6.9† | 54.4±6.7* | <0.001 | |
| VA (mm2) | 16.4±3.5* | 14.7±3.2* | 12.5±2.9† | <0.001 | 18.0±3.3* | 17.2±3.8† | 15.4±3.9† | 0.020 | |
| PA (mm2) | 9.3±2.6* | 10.3±2.9* | 6.9±2.4† | <0.001 | 10.0±2.3* | 11.7±3.5† | 8.5±2.7* | <0.001 | |
| LA (mm2) | 7.2±1.3* | 4.4±0.5† | 5.7±1.5‡ | <0.001 | 8.0±1.6* | 5.5±0.8† | 6.9±1.7‡ | <0.001 | |
| MLA (mm2) | 5.4±0.9* | 3.7±0.3† | 4.6±1.0‡ | <0.001 | 6.3±1.0* | 4.8±0.7† | 5.7±1.2* | <0.001 | |
| VH-IVUS | |||||||||
| FT (%) | 55.7±12.2 | 52.2±12.3 | 58.9±12.2 | 0.116 | 61.4±13.2 | 62.5±11.4 | 63.4±11.6 | 0.804 | |
| FF (%) | 9.2±7.6 | 9.1±5.6 | 12.4±10.1 | 0.202 | 10.3±6.4 | 11.4±6.3 | 13.9±7.6 | 0.115 | |
| NC (%) | 22.6±11.5 | 26.2±11.1 | 19.3±11.6 | 0.071 | 19.1±12.0 | 19.1±10.4 | 15.7±10.8 | 0.383 | |
| DC (%) | 12.4±8.5 | 12.5±7.9 | 9.5±9.7 | 0.316 | 9.2±8.1 | 7.0±5.9 | 7.0±7.3 | 0.378 | |
| FT (mm2) | 3.2±1.6* | 3.9±2.0† | 2.3±1.4* | 0.003 | 3.9±1.5* | 5.2±2.3† | 3.3±1.6* | <0.001 | |
| FF (mm2) | 0.6±0.6 | 0.7±0.6 | 0.5±0.5 | 0.316 | 0.7±0.5* | 1.0±0.8† | 0.7±0.4* | 0.045 | |
| NC (mm2) | 1.3±0.9* | 1.8±0.9† | 0.8±0.7‡ | <0.001 | 1.2±1.0*,† | 1.5±1.0† | 0.8±0.7* | 0.013 | |
| DC (mm2) | 0.7±0.5* | 0.8±0.5* | 0.3±0.4† | <0.001 | 0.6±0.6 | 0.5±0.4 | 0.4±0.4 | 0.179 | |
| Phenotype | |||||||||
| PIT | 1 (3.3)* | 1 (3.3)* | 8 (26.7)† | 0.004 | 3 (10.0) | 3 (10.0) | 5 (16.7) | 0.661 | |
| FI | 1 (3.3) | 0 | 0 | 0.364 | 3 (10.0) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | 0.585 | |
| VH-ThFA | 16 (53.3) | 10 (33.3) | 17 (56.7) | 0.147 | 14 (46.7)*,† | 9 (30.0)* | 19 (63.3)† | 0.035 | |
| VH-TCFA | 12 (40.0)* | 12 (40.0)* | 5 (16.7)† | 0.001 | 10 (33.3)* | 16 (53.3)* | 5 (16.7)† | 0.011 | |
| Plaque feature | |||||||||
| Plaque rupture | 13 (43.3)* | 24 (80.0)† | 0‡ | <0.001 | 14 (46.7)* | 23 (76.7)† | 7 (23.3)* | <0.001 | |
| Thrombus | 19 (63.3)* | 27 (90.0)† | 9 (30.0)‡ | <0.001 | 18 (60.0)* | 30 (100.0)† | 16 (53.3)* | <0.001 | |
Values are number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
DC = dense calcium; FF = fibrofatty tissue; FI = fibrotic plaque; FT = fibrous tissue; IVUS = intravascular ultrasound; LA = lumen area; LL = lesion length; MLA = minimum lumen area; NC = necrotic core; PA = plaque area; PB = plaque burden; PIT = pathological intimal thickening; VA = vessel area; VH-IVUS = virtual histology intravascular ultrasound; VH-TCFA = virtual histology intravascular ultrasound-derived thin-cap fibroatheroma; VH-ThFA = virtual histology intravascular ultrasound-derived thick-cap fibroatheroma.
*,†,‡The corresponding values with different symbols are significantly different from each other.