Table 3.
Functions of elopement and interventions
| Functions and interventions | Number of subjects (percentage of sample) | SMD | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | ||
| Tangible/activity | 12 (60%) | ||
| Total FCT | 11 | 38.21 | 67.80 |
| FCT + blocking | 6 | 62.95 | 86.95 |
| FCT + extinction | 4 | 7.38 | 4.72 |
| FCT + response cost | 1 | 13.06 | – |
| Total NCR | 2 | 12.47 | 14.20 |
| NCR Alone | 1 | 22.51 | – |
| NCR + extinction | 1 | 2.42 | – |
| Total DRO | 2 | 2.87 | 3.98 |
| DRO alone | 1 | 0.05 | – |
| DRO + blocking | 1 | 5.68 | – |
| No treatment | 0 | NA | NA |
| Attention | 11 (55%) | ||
| Total FCT | 3 | 10.39 | 4.27 |
| FCT + blocking | 2 | 8.75 | 4.49 |
| FCT + extinction | 1 | 13.68 | – |
| Total NCR | 3 | 8.36 | 3.02 |
| NCR + blocking | 1 | 4.91 | – |
| NCR + timeout | 2 | 10.08 | 0.60 |
| No treatment | 5 | NA | NA |
| Escape | 5 (25%) | ||
| Total FCT | 1 | 2.25 | – |
| FCT + extinction | 1 | 2.25 | – |
| No treatment | 4 | NA | NA |
| Automatic reinforcement | 2 (10%) | ||
| No treatment | 2 | NA | NA |
| Unclear | 2 (10%) | ||
| Total NCR | 1 | 22.51 | – |
| NCR alone | 1 | 22.51 | – |
| No treatment | 1 | NA | NA |
SMD standardized mean difference, SD standard deviation, FCT functional communication training, NCR noncontingent reinforcement, DRO differential reinforcement of other behavior, NA not applicable