Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2017 Dec 1;7:16782. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16977-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Insulin increased the expressions of Shh and TGF-β₁ without affecting the interaction between Shh and TGF-β₁ in hyperglycaemic condition. (a) Expression level of TGF-β₁ at 24 hours after insulin treatment. (b) Expression level of Shh at 24 hours after insulin treatment. (c) Expression levels of TGF-β₁ and α-SMA at 24 hours after insulin and Shh treatment. (d) Expression levels of Shh and α-SMA at 24 hours after insulin and TGF-β₁ treatment. Expression of each protein was normalized by GAPDH. The fold-change of each protein was calculated as the ratio of averages versus a 5 mM D-glucose control. Values are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. ^* p < 0.05 versus 5 mM D-glucose, ^# p < 0.05 versus 30 mM D-glucose. ^† p < 0.05 versus between 5 mM D-glucose with insulin treatment and 30 mM D-glucose with insulin treatment. ^‡ p < 0.05 versus 30 mM D-glucose with Shh or TGF-β₁ treatment.