Table 5.
Comparison between Malay version of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-M) factor scores and sociodemographic and psychiatric history variables
| BPRS-M Factor scores | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive Symptoms a | Mood disturbance a | Negative Symptoms a | Activation a | Resistance b | Somatization b | Orientation b | Total a | |
| Gender | t = −0.73 | t = 1.67 | t = −2.56 | t = −1.74 | Z = −0.71 | Z = −1.02 | Z = −0.86 | t = −0.73 |
| Male | 6.76(4.84) | 2.83(2.88) | 5.83 (3.03) | 2.69(1.20) * | 0.74(51.99) | 0.52 (52.14) | 0 | 16.69(8.09) |
| Female | 6.05(4.70) | 3.84(3.03) | 4.47(2.26) | 2.26(1.22) | 0.74 (48.54) | 0.26 (48.42) | 0.02(50.37) | 15.49(8.06) |
| Ethnicity | t = 0.48 | t = −0.96 | t = 1.22 | t = 1.05 | Z = −0.16 | Z = −0.40 | Z = −1.63 | t = 0.30 |
| Chinese | 6.55(4.72) | 3.16(2.92) | 5.34(2.97) | 2.55(1.35) | 0.75(49.66) | 0.30(49.38) | 0.02(49.50) | 16.21(8.17) |
| non- Chinese | 6.09(4.82) | 3.74(3.09) | 4.67(2.23) | 2.30(1.04) | 0.72(50.44) | 0.47(50.81) | 0 | 15.72(8.00) |
| Marital Status | t = −0.96 | t = −0.33 | t = −0.10 | t = 0.53 | Z = −0.09 | Z = −0.57 | Z = −1.63 | t = −0.99 |
| Married | 6.15(4.49) | 3.22(2.87) | 5.15 (1.92) | 2.40(1.33) | 0.63 (49.65) | 0.37(48.33) | 0 | 15.48(7.51) |
| non-married | 6.43(4.87) | 3.49(3.06) | 5.01(2.93) | 2.56(0.89) | 0.78(50.13) | 0.38(50.63) | 0.01(51.33) | 16.19(8.29) |
| Education | t = −1.96 | t = −0.90 | t = −4.61 | t = −3.46 | Z = −1.74 | Z = −0.08 | Z = −0.59 | t = −3.11 |
| ≤ Secondary | 6.90(4.65) | 3.58(3.02) | 5.73(2.43) ** | 2.68(1.07) ** | 0.84(52.51) | 0.41(50.08) | 0.01(50.18) | 17.44(7.74)** |
| ≥ Tertiary | 4.81(4.77) | 2.96(2.95) | 3.15(2.49) | 1.77(1.39) | 0.46(42.96) | 0.27(49.77) | 0 | 11.96(7.67) |
| Employed | t = −2.38 | t = 0.83 | t = −1.86 | t = −2.17 | Z = −1.15 | Z = −0.54 | Z = −0.47 | t = −2.04 |
| Yes | 4.00(4.17) * | 3.94(3.02) | 4.00 (2.17) * | 1.89(0.90) * | 0.44(44.11) | 0.28(47.94) | 0 | 12.56(7.96)* |
| No | 6.88(4.73) | 3.30(3.00) | 5.28(2.74) | 2.57(1.25) | 0.80(51.31) | 0.40(50.46) | 0.01(49.50) | 16.77(7.92) |
| Family history of mental illness | t = 1.30 | t = −0.15 | t = 0.10 | t = −0.36 | Z = −0.60 | Z = −0.99 | Z = −1.38 | t = 0.87 |
| Yes | 7.21(4.29) | 3.35(2.92) | 5.09(2.94) | 2.38(1.28) | 0.85(52.00) | 0.41()52.46 | 0.03 (50.96) | 16.97(7.15) |
| No | 5.91(4.94) | 3.45(3.06) | 5.03(2.57) | 2.48(1.20) | 0.68(48.95) | 0.35()48.72 | 0 | 15.49(8.50) |
Significant when p < 0.05*, p < 0.01**
amean (standard deviation), Independent t-test
bmean (mean rank), Mann-Whitney test