Table 2.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, Stratified by Age Group, for Any Coinfection or Respiratory Syncytial Virus Monoinfection in HIV-Uninfected Children <5 Years of Age at 6 Sentinel Sites in South Africa, 2009–2013
| Characteristic | <6 mo | ≥6 mo | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RSV Monoinfection (n = 824) |
Any Coinfectiona (n = 463) |
P Value | RSV Monoinfection (n = 506) |
Any Coinfectiona (n = 529) |
P Value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, mo, median (IQR) | 2.4 (1.3–3.8) | 2.8 (1.9–4.0) | <.001 | 12.8 (8.1–21.0) | 14.0 (9.0–22.7) | .05 |
| Female sex | 354/824 (43.0) | 199/463 (43.0) | .99 | 223/506 (44.1) | 227/529 (42.9) | .71 |
| Race, black | 810/823 (98.4) | 454/463 (98.1) | .63 | 493/504 (97.8) | 519/528 (98.3) | .58 |
| Duration of symptoms, d, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | .44 | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | .16 |
| Premature birthb | 16/822 (2.0) | 12/463 (2.6) | .45 | 4/503 (0.80) | 5/528 (0.95) | .99 |
| DOB within 10 wk of start of RSV season | 524/824 (63.6) | 295/463 (63.7) | .97 | 182/506 (36.0) | 210/529 (39.7) | .22 |
| RSV Ct value, mean (SD) | 24.8 (4.5) | 25.6 (4.6) | .002 | 25.8 (4.6) | 26.3 (5.3) | .15 |
| Crowding (≥5 people in the household) | 82/813 (10.1) | 57/455 (12.5) | .18 | 31/499 (6.2) | 56/525 (10.7) | .01 |
| Underlying conditionsc | ||||||
| Underlying illness | 20/823 (2.4) | 16/463 (3.5) | .29 | 15/505 (3.0) | 21/528 (4.0) | .38 |
| Whole blood PCR + Streptococcus pneumoniae | 29/453 (6.4) | 6/254 (2.4) | .02 | 13/297 (4.4) | 18/277 (6.5) | .26 |
| Outcome | ||||||
| Primary outcome | 17/810 (2.1) | 12/460 (2.6) | .56 | 2/496 (0.4) | 7/511 (1.4) | .18 |
| Secondary outcome | 363/811 (44.8) | 189/458 (41.3) | .23 | 115/499 (23.1) | 100/523 (19.1) | .12 |
Data are presented as no./No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: Ct, cycle threshold; DOB, date of birth; IQR, interquartile range; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; SD, standard deviation.
Any viral respiratory coinfection with HMPV, RV, ADV, EV, influenza, PIV1, PIV2, or PIV3.
Born at <37 weeks gestation age.
Underlying conditions included asthma, chronic renal failure, splenectomy/asplenia, autoimmune disease, seizure disorders, malignancy, chronic lung disease, heart failure, organ transplant, diabetes, kwashiorkor/marasmus, prematurity, valvular heart disease, immunosupressive therapy, burns, nephrotic syndrome, obesity, cirrhosis/liver failure, coronary artery disease, sickle cell, immunoglobulin deficiency, spinal cord injuries, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema, or other as specified by parent(s).