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. 2017 Nov 29;10:395. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00395

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Copyright © 2017 Zhang, Zhan, Li, Xing, Jiang, Chen, Shi and An.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Assay of mice behavior in Morris water maze. Morris water maze test was conducted to analyze spatial learning and memory in a circular pool filled with milk-opacified water. The procedure consisted of escape trials (4 consecutive days) and a probe trial (day 5). In escape trials, a hidden escape platform, 8 cm in diameter, was placed 1 cm under the water surface. Each mouse was tested 4 trials with an inter-trial interval of 60 s per day. In the probe trial, mice swam freely for 60 s in the water tank after the platform was removed. (A) Latency to escape onto the hidden platform in escape trials. (B) The number of pass through the former escape platform area (passing time) in the probe trial. (C) The residence time in the region of the former platform location (residence time) in the probe trial (n = 9 or 10; mean ± SD; two-way ANOVA with repeated measures for escape latency and one-way ANOVA for passing time both followed by LSD multiple comparison tests; ^∗∗p < 0.01 vs. WT group, ^#p < 0.05 vs. AD group).