| TGF | Transforming growth factor |
| Runx2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| Reg | Regenerating gene |
| Dex | Dexamethasone |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction |
| Extl3 | Reg protein receptor |
| PMSC | Periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cell |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| WST-8 | 2-(2-Methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazoliummonosodium salt |
| CDK4 | Cyclin-dependent kinase |
| Bcl-2 | B Cell lymphoma 2 |
| Bcl-xL | B-Cell lymphoma-extra large |
| Bmf | Bcl-2-Modifying factor |
| Bim | Bcl-2-Like protein 11 |
| MSC | Mesenchymal stem cells |
| FHL2 | Four and a half LIM domains protein 2 |
| VEGF | Endothelial growth factor |
| siRNA | Small interfering RNA |