Table 1.
Comparison of several components between natural tears and different hemoderivatives used in corneal surface.
| Component | Tear | AS | PRP | UCS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | 7.4 | 7.4 | 6.61–7.26 | 7.4 |
| Osmolarity | 298–300 | 296 | 296 | 296 |
| Water (%) | 98 | 91 | -- | -- |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 0.39 | 4–5.3 | -- | -- |
| Globulins (g/dL) | 0.27 | 2.3 | -- | -- |
| EGF (ng/mL) | 0.2–0.3 | 0.1–0.2 | 0.27–4.9 | 0.5 |
| TGF-β (ng/mL) | 2–10 | 6–33 | 6.4–67.3 | 57 |
| NGF (pg/mL) | 107.5–468 | 54–401 | 37.7 | 730 |
| IGF-1 (ng/mL) | 75.5–157 | 375 | 93.5 | 230 |
| PDGF (ng/mL) | 1.33 | 15–17 | 13–86 | -- |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | -- | 34.7–160 | 60–124 | -- |
| Vitamin A (ng/mL) | 16 | 372 | -- | 231 |
| Vitamin C (mg/mL) | 0.117 | 0.02 | -- | -- |
| SP (pg/mL) | 69.8–157 | 71–169 | -- | 245 |
| Lysozyme (mg/mL) | 1.4 | 6 | -- | 6 |
| Surface IgA (µg/mL) | 1190 | 2 | -- | -- |
| Fibronectin (µg/mL) | 21 | 30–205 | 28.9–31.1 | -- |
| Lactoferrin (ng/mL) | 1650 | 266 | -- | -- |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 0.3–2 | 2.5 | -- | -- |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 26–42 | 4.5 | -- | -- |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 120–170 | 140 | -- | -- |
AS: autologous serum; EGF: epidermal growth factor; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1; NGF: nerve growth factor; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factors; PRP: platelet-rich plasma; SP: substance P; TGF-β: transforming growth factor β; UCS: umbilical cord blood serum; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.