| VDBP | Vitamin D binding protein |
| VDR | Vitamin D receptor |
| IBD | Inflammatory bowel diseases |
| CD | Crohn’s disease |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |
| KO | Knockout |
| SNPs | Single nucleotide polymorphisms |
| GcMAF | Group-specific component macrophage activating factor |
| TEER | Transepithelial electrical resistance |
| IECs | Intestinal epithelial cells |
| DSS | Dextran sodium sulfate |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| PPs | Peyer’s patches |
| ILFs | Isolated lymphoid follicles |
| Treg | Regulatory T cells |
| Th | T helper |
| DCs | Dendritic cells |
| ILCs | Isolated lymphatic cells |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IFN | Interferon |
| TNF | Tumor necrosis factor |
| HBD | Human beta defensin |
| CAMP | Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide |
| NOD2 | Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
| TLR | Toll like receptor |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| IU | International unit |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| CI | Confidence interval |