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. 2017 Dec 4;10:288. doi: 10.1186/s13068-017-0976-9

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

The hybrid pathway for nicotine degradation in A. tumefaciens S33 (a) and its nicotine-degrading gene cluster (b). NdhAB, nicotine dehydrogenase; Paz, pseudoazurin; Hno, 6-hydroxynicotine oxidase; Pno, 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine oxidase; Ald, putative aldehyde dehydrogenase; Hsh, 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine hydroxylase; Hpo, 2,5-dihydroxypyridine dioxygenase; Nfo, N-formylmaleamate deformylase; Ami, maleamate amidohydrolase (amidase); Iso, maleate cis/trans-isomerase. The red cross in panel a indicates that the pathway has been blocked by disabling the enzyme Hno; the black cross in panel b shows our strategy of disrupting the hno gene