[Table/Fig-2]:
Bivariate analysis for the risk factors of renal stone.
| Variables | Cases (n=70) | Controls (n=140) | OR, 95%CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 20-40 yrs | 35 (50) | 69 (49.3) | 1.03 (0.56-1.90) |
| 41-60 yrs | 19 (27.1) | 41 (29.3) | 0.90 (0.45-1.79) |
| 61-70 yrs | 16 (22.9) | 30 (21.4) | 1 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 50 (71.4) | 85 (60.7) | 1.62 (0.83-3.15) |
| Female | 20 (28.6) | 55 (39.3) | 1 |
| Occupation | |||
| Housework | 3 (4.3) | 3 (2.1) | 1 |
| Agricultural work | 18 (25.7) | 29 (20.7) | 1.39 (0.64-2.74) |
| Labourer | 29 (41.4) | 33 (23.6) | 2.29 (1.18-4.44) |
| Job | 9 (12.9) | 28 (20) | 0.59 (0.24-1.41) |
| Not working | 11 (15.7) | 47 (33.6) | 0.37 (0.17-0.81) |
| Colour of ration card | |||
| Below Poverty Line | 17 (24.3) | 35 (25) | 0.96 (0.47-1.97) |
| Above Poverty Line | 52 (74.3) | 104 (74.3) | 1.00 (0.49-2.03) |
| Do not have it | 1 (1.4) | 1 (0.7) | 1 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 62 (88.6) | 110 (78.6) | 2.11 (0.86-5.36) |
| Never married | 8 (11.4) | 30 (21.4) | 1 |
| Types of family | |||
| Joint | 41 (58.6) | 38 (27.1) | 3.79 (1.99-7.28) |
| Nuclear | 27 (38.6) | 97 (69.3) | 0.28 (0.15-0.53) |
| Living alone | 2 (2.9) | 5 (3.6) | 1 |
| Family history of renal stone | |||
| Yes | 18 (25.7) | 4 (2.9) | 11.77 (3.52-43.35) |
| No | 52 (74.3) | 136 (97.1) | 1 |
| Current smoker | |||
| Yes | 26 (37.1) | 20 (14.4) | 3.55(1.71-7.39) |
| No | 44 (62.9) | 120 (85.6) | 1 |
| Current alcoholic | |||
| Yes | 29 (41.4) | 23 (16.5) | 3.60(1.78-7.29) |
| No | 41 (58.6) | 117 (83.5) | 1 |
| Source of drinking water | |||
| Ground water | 24 (34.3) | 44 (31.4) | 1.13(0.61-2.09) |
| River water | 46 (65.7) | 96 (68.6) | 1 |
| Frequency of passing urine in a day | |||
| < 5 times | 38 (54.3) | 27 (19.3) | 4.97 (2.53-9.83) |
| More than 5 times | 32 (45.7) | 113 (80.7) | 1 |
| At least one chronic co-morbidities | |||
| Yes | 20(28.6) | 52(37.1) | 0.67(0.36-1.26) |
| No | 50(71.4) | 88(62.9) | 1 |
| Milk products | |||
| ≥ Once a day | 39 (55.7) | 77 (55) | 1.02 (0.57-1.83) |
| ≥ Once a week | 19 (27.2) | 40 (28.6) | 0.93 (0.49-1.77) |
| Once a month | 5 (7.1) | 13 (9.3) | 0.75 (0.25-2.19) |
| Never | 7 (10) | 10 (7.1) | 1 |
| Red meat (mutton, beef, pork) | |||
| ≥ Once a week | 41 (58.6) | 10 (7.1) | 18.3 (8.2-40.9) |
| Once a month | 20 (28.6) | 36 (25.8) | 1.15 (0.60-2.19) |
| Never | 9 (12.8) | 94 (67.1) | 1 |
| Fruits and vegetables | |||
| ≥ Once a day | 27 (38.5) | 104 (74.2) | 0.22 (0.12-0.40) |
| ≥ Once a week | 43 (61.4) | 36 (25.7) | 1 |
Figures in parenthesis are percentages