Table 1.
Baseline maternal characteristics in the preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia groups.
| Characteristics | Metformin n = 196 | Placebo n = 188 | p Value | Preeclampsia n = 22 | No preeclampsia n = 362 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age in years, median (IQR) | 32.8 (27.3–36.1) | 30.8 (26.6–34.5) | 0.036 | 32.5 (26.0–36.5) | 31.6 (27.2–35.4) | 0.993 |
| Maternal weight in kg, median (IQR) | 104.8 (95.7–116.3) | 105.3 (97.2–114.4) | 0.719 | 109.7 (103.9–113.3) | 104.8 (96.0–116.0) | 0.134 |
| Maternal height in cm, median (IQR) | 165 (159.8–168) | 165 (160–169) | 0.453 | 165 (159–172) | 165 (160–168) | 0.355 |
| Body mass index, median (IQR) | 38.7 (36.5–41.5) | 38.4 (36.3–41.9) | 0.653 | 39.7 (37.2–43.4) | 38.4 (36.3–42.0) | 0.314 |
| Gestational age at randomisation in weeks, median (IQR) | 15.1 (13.7–16.9) | 14.7 (13.6–17.1) | 0.429 | 14.5 (13.4–18.3) | 15.3 (13.9–17.5) | 0.410 |
| Gestational age at second sampling in weeks, median (IQR) | 28.1 (27.7–28.6) | 28.1 (27.7–28.7) | 0.156 | 28.1 (27.9–28.8) | 28.1 (27.7–28.6) | 0.467 |
| Racial origin | 0.621 | 0.476 | ||||
| Caucasian, n (%) | 139 (70.9) | 123 (65.4) | 13 (59.1) | 248 (68.5) | ||
| Afro-Caribbean, n (%) | 47 (24.0) | 51 (27.1) | 7 (31.8) | 91 (25.3) | ||
| Asian, n (%) | 8 (4.1) | 12 (6.4) | 2 (9.1) | 18 (5.0) | ||
| Mixed, n (%) | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.1) | 0 | 5 (1.4) | ||
| Medical history | ||||||
| Chronic hypertension, n (%) | 11 (5.6) | 17 (9.0) | 0.196 | 7 (31.8) | 21 (5.8) | <0.001 |
| Cigarette smokers, n (%) | 14 (7.1) | 20 (10.6) | 0.228 | 2 (9.1) | 32 (8.8) | 1.000 |
| Conception | 0.784 | 0.415 | ||||
| Spontaneous, n (%) | 191 (97.5) | 184 (97.9) | 21 (95.5) | 354 (97.8) | ||
| Assisted reproduction, n (%) | 5 (2.6) | 4 (2.1) | 1 (4.5) | 8 (2.2) | ||
| Parity | ||||||
| Nulliparous, n (%) | 55 (28.1) | 65 (34.6) | 0.169 | 12 (54.5) | 108 (29.8) | 0.030 |
| Parous with previous preeclampsia, n (%) | 14 (7.1) | 11 (5.9) | 0.608 | 3 (13.6) | 22 (6.1) | 0.165 |
IQR = interquartile range. Comparisons between outcome groups were performed by Chi-square test for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney test for continues variables.