Table 2.
Echocardiographic analysis of mice in response to voluntary wheel running
| NTG |
Cyclin D2−/− |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sedentary (n = 4) | Exercised (n = 4) | Sedentary (n = 4) | Exercised (n = 3) | |
| Heart Rate (bpm) | 486.0 ± 12.9 | 527.2 ± 16.4 | 484 ± 10.0 | 498.1 ± 14.0 |
| LVIDd (mm) | 3.93 ± 0.12 | 4.02 ± 0.02 | 3.51 ± 0.24 | 3.85 ± 0.06 |
| LVIDs (mm) | 2.69 ± 0.22 | 2.51 ± 0.06 | 2.31 ± 0.21 | 2.44 ± 0.08 |
| LVPWd (mm) | 0.65 ± 0.03 | 0.66 ± 0.03 | 0.66 ± 0.04 | 0.58 ± 0.03 |
| LVPWs (mm) | 0.99 ± 0.01 | 1.15 ± 0.05* | 0.91 ± 0.06 | 0.96 ± 0.01 |
| LVAWd (mm) | 0.65 ± 0.05 | 0.76 ± 0.02 | 0.64 ± 0.02 | 0.63 ± 0.02 |
| LVAWs (mm) | 1.02 ± 0.3 | 1.30 ± 0.06* | 1.04 ± 0.11 | 1.06 ± 0.04 |
| FS (%) | 31.7 ± 3.9 | 37.6 ± 1.6 | 34.0 ± 4.8 | 36.6 ± 0.9 |
| EF (%) | 59.7 ± 5.6 | 68.0 ± 1.9 | 63.0 ± 6.2 | 67.0 ± 1.2 |
Note: Anesthetized mice underwent transthoracic echocardiography. Values are mean ± SEM.
LVIDd: LV internal diameter during diastole; LVIDs: LV internal diameter during systole; LVPWd: LV posterior wall thickness during diastole; LVPWs: LV posterior wall thickness during systole; LVAWd: LV anterior wall thickness during diastole; LVAWs: LV anterior wall thickness during systole; FS: fractional shortening; EF: ejection fraction.
*
P < 0.05 vs sedentary mice.