Figure 2.

Phylogenetic changes and alpha diversity in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients across all time points using mean values and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. (A) During the peritransplant period, patients show extreme shifts in the intestinal microbiota, including an overall loss of diversity and richness, as well as a significant average increase in phylum Firmicutes and a decrease in phylum Bacteroidetes between T₀ and T₁. (B) Enterobacteriaceae (phylum Proteobacteria) did not change significantly throughout the 3 time points. On the other hand, there were both a significant increase in Staphylococcaceae and Enterococcaceae (phylum Firmicutes) and a significant decrease in Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (phylum Firmicutes). §P < .05; *P < .01; **P < .001. A full list of phylogenetic changes and alpha diversity is reported in Supplementary Table 4.