Table 5. Median differences of ARAT, FMA-UEand DASH scores from baseline (T0) to Post (T3) and to the 6-week follow-up visit (T4).
| Test | Time | M-TOT (N = 21) | C-TOT (N = 24) | p-value (treatment) | p-value (visit) | p-value (treatment*visit) | p-value (visit contrasts) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Median | IQR | N | Median | IQR | ||||||
| ARAT | T1 | 20 | 1.0 | 0.0;6.5 | 23 | 0.0 | 0.0;2.0 | 0.78 | 0.0006 | 0.13 | |
| T2 | 21 | 2.0 | 0.0;10.0 | 21 | 0.0 | 0.0;4.0 | |||||
| T3 | 21 | 4.0 | 0.0;14.0 | 24 | 1.5 | 0.0;5.0 | T0-T3: <0.0001 | ||||
| T4 | 21 | 4.0 | 0.0;14.0 | 24 | 3.0 | 0.0;4.0 | T3-T4: 0.62 | ||||
| FMA-UE | T3 | 21 | 5.0 | 2.0;14.0 | 24 | 3.5 | 0.5;6.5 | 0.37 | <0.0001 | 0.13 | T0-T3: <0.0001 |
| T4 | 21 | 7.0 | 2.0;15.0 | 24 | 4.0 | 0.0;7.0 | T3-T4: 0.07 | ||||
| DASH | T3 | 21 | -6.8 | -13.6;-2.3 | 22 | -4.5 | -13.6;0 | 0.10 | <0.0001 | 0.81 | T0-T3: <0.0001 |
| T4 | 21 | -10.5 | -18.2;-2.3 | 19 | -16.5 | -23.0;0 | T3-T4: 0.31 | ||||
M-TOT: Myoelectric control of functional electrical stimulation-task oriented training; C-TOT: control-task oriented training; IQR: interquartile range. ARAT: action research arm test; FMA-UE: Fugl Meyer assessment for the upper limbs; DASH: disability of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire.T1: after 8 rehabilitation sessions; T2: after 16 rehabilitation sessions; T3: post-treatment visit (after 25 rehabilitation sessions, 6–7 weeks).; T4: 6-week follow-up visit. p-values for treatment effect (differences between treatment arms), visit effect (differences between visits), treatment*visit interaction (differences in the change over time between treatment arms) and visit contrasts (change between selected visit times) were obtained from a multivariable repeated measures mixed model, adjusting by stroke chronicity and rehabilitation center.