Table 1. Characteristics of 49 patients at the RCT baseline, and changes in medication dosages at the end of 1-year follow-up.
| Calorie-restricted diet | Low-carbohydrate diet | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 27 | 22 | |
| Gender (male/female) | 19/8 | 16/6 | NS (0.86) |
| Age (years) | 56.9±9.9 | 63.0±9.8 | 0.03 |
| Height (cm) | 165.9±9.6 | 163.3±6.2 | NS (0.29) |
| Body weight (kg) | 73.9 (68.1–88.0) | 67.9 (64.8–80.3) | NS (0.52) |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 13.0 (8.0–20.0) | 15.5 (8.0–18.5) | NS (0.4) |
| Medications for diabetes | |||
| Basal supported oral therapy (n) | 1 | 2 | |
| Intensive insulin therapy (n) | 10 | 5 | |
| Basal insulin (units/day) | 18±7 | 14±8 | NS (0.21) |
| Bolus insulin (units/day) | 23±10 | 15±14 | NS (0.15) |
| SU/Met/TZD/DPP4i/α-GI/Glinide (n) | 13/19/4/16/8/2 | 8/16/3/11/7/2 | |
| GLP-1 receptor agonist (n) | 1 | 2 | |
| Medications for other diseases (n) | |||
| Antihypertensive agents | 12 | 9 | |
| Lipid-lowering agents | 19 | 15 | |
| Others | 7 | 8 | |
| Changes in medication dosages at the end of the 1-year follow-up period (n) | |||
| Increased from baseline | 17 | 17 | |
| Reduced from baseline | 11 | 14 | |
| Change in insulin dosages (n) | |||
| Increased from baseline | 7 | 4 | |
| Decreased from baseline | 7 | 4 (+1 stopped insulin) |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). Met: metformin, TZD: thiazolidine, DPP4i: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, α-GI: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, NS: not significant.