Table 2.
Cox Regression: Heart Failure Symptom and Medication Adherence§ on Cardiac Event-free Survival (N = 219)
| Variable | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Without covariate adjustment | |||
| *Step 1 | |||
| With HF symptoms | 1.961 | 1.023–3.758 | .042 |
| **Step 2 | |||
| With HF symptoms | 1.759 | .913–3.390 | .091 |
| Poor medication adherence | 2.035 | 1.157–3.578 | .014 |
|
| |||
| With covariate adjustment | |||
| †Step 1 | |||
| With HF symptoms | 2.053 | 1.022–4.124 | .043 |
| ‡Step 2 | |||
| With HF symptoms | 1.947 | .964–3.935 | .063 |
| Age | 1.00 | .974–1.027 | .988 |
| Female | 1.354 | .721–2.543 | .347 |
| Etiology of HF, non-ischemic | .610 | .310–1.200 | .152 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | .985 | .961–1.009 | .211 |
| Body mass index | .966 | .925–1.009 | .120 |
| ACEI user | .992 | .491–2.003 | .982 |
| Diabetes | 1.193 | .645–2.208 | .574 |
| Study 1 | 1.148 | .620–2.218 | .660 |
| Poor medication adherence | 2.009 | 1.122–3.597 | .019 |
CI =confidence interval; ACEI =angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; NYHA =New York Heart Association
*
χ2 =4.274, p = .039;
**
χ2 = 10.775, p =.005;
†
χ2 = 13.105, p =.158;
‡
χ2 = 18.618, p = .006