Fig. 1.

a, b Two-cell stage embryos undergo rapid diet supplement- or drug-induced 20- to 30-fold increases and blastocysts undergo rapid 5- to 6-fold increases in pACC ser79P in an AMPK-dependent (CC-sensitive) manner. Zygotes or morulae were acclimated by overnight culture and to two-cell or blastocyst stage, respectively, preloaded with CC (5 μM) for 2 h, continued +/− CC with BR-DIM (20 μM), metformin (40 μM), aspirin (10 μM), or sorbitol (200 mM) for an additional 1 h and then fixed, stained for pACC ser79P and Hoechst, micrographed quantitated and graphed. Triplicate biological experiments using 163 2-cell embryos or 267 morulae were performed, tested for normal distribution by ANOVA and significance by Tukey’s post hoc t test. Significance compared with KSOM (a) and significance for each stimulus with CC compared with the stimulus alone (b). White bar in first panel shows 25 μm