Table 1.

Effects of cAMP analogues on TGF-β1-induced EMT

			TGF-β1
		8-CPT-cAMP	N6-Ph-cAMP	8-CPT-2Me-cAMP	IBMX
ZEB1	19.6 ± 2.5	8.4 ± 2.3*	10.1 ± 2.0*	16.6 ± 3.4	9.7 ± 2.9*
Slug	13.3 ± 1.9	4.1 ± 1.7*	6.1 ± 1.2*	14.4 ± 2.3	10.2 ± 3.1
Fibronectin	15.7 ± 2.8	4.5 ± 1.3*	5.3 ± 0.8*	12.1 ± 1.6	5.1 ± 0.9*
α-SMA	21.2 ± 5.4	6.3 ± 2.6*	9.5 ± 1.4*	8.9 ± 1.9*	15.8 ± 3.1
Vimentin	13.5 ± 1.8	4.8 ± 1.5*	5.6 ± 2.1*	6.1 ± 2.0*	6.3 ± 1.2*
N-cadherin	7.9 ± 1.5	2.4 ± 0.2*	2.1 ± 0.8*	2.6 ± 0.1*	5.8 ± 1.1
E-cadherin	0.56 ± 0.1	0.9 ± 0.1*	1.2 ± 0.3*	1.1 ± 0.2*	0.93 ± 0.1*

MDCK cells were exposed to 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 48 h in the absence or presence of 5 μM 8-CPT-cAMP, 5 μM N6-Ph-cAMP, 5 μM 8-CPT-2Me-cAMP, or 100 μM IBMX. The expression of ZEB1, Slug, Fibronectin, α-SMA, Vimentin, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin was evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Each value represents the mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments, and it is expressed as relative amount of mRNA normalized to GAPDH. Student’s t test: *P < 0.05 vs. TGF-β1-treated cells (control)