Table 1.
Characteristics of included patients
| Control | Normal pregnancy | ANOVA | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lean (n = 23) |
Overweight (n = 7) |
Lean (n = 12) |
Overweight (n = 18) |
||
| Weight (kg) | 55.3 ± 1.3 | 67.1 ± 1.6* | 65.3 ± 1.4* | 83.9 ± 3.3*† | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 160.9 ± 9 | 158.6 ± 1.4 | 160.1 ± 0.02 | 159.4 ± 1.5 | NS |
| BMI1 (kg/m2) | – | – | 26.1 ± 0.4 | 33.1 ± 1.2† | – |
| BMI2 (kg/m2) | 21.5 ± 0.4 | 27.2 ± 0.8* | 22.3 ± 0.7 | 28.8 ± 1.5*† | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 103.7 ± 2.3 | 110.9 ± 3.7 | 107.6 ± 2.6 | 113.7 ± 3.5 | NS |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 65.7 ± 2.8 | 66.6 ± 4.5 | 69.3 ± 4.3 | 72.4 ± 3.2 | NS |
| Menarche (years) | 12.9 ± 0.3 | 12.7 ± 0.3 | 13.1 ± 0.3 | 13.1 ± 0.4 | NS |
| Gestational age (weeks) | – | – | 35 ± 0.7 | 35.4 ± 0.4 | – |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 163 ± 6.3 | 179 ± 5.8* | 253 ± 13* | 280 ± 15* | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol LDL (mg/dl) | 91.3 ± 5.8 | 115 ± 6.1* | 142 ± 11* | 166 ± 16* | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol HDL (mg/dl) | 58.2 ± 3.1 | 45.4 ± 4.8 | 64.7 ± 4.3 | 57.0 ± 2.5 | 0.03 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 68.1 ± 5.2 | 93.4 ± 12.3 | 226 ± 38* | 257 ± 13*† | <0.0001 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 78.8 ± 1.9 | 82.5 ± 1.5 | 72.3 ± 2.1 | 82.5 ± 5.5 | NS |
| Total protein (μg/ml) | 51.9 ± 3.2 | 61.1 ± 5.8 | 63.1 ± 5.5 | 65.2 ± 5.5 | NS |
ANOVA analysis of the anthropometric, clinical evaluation, and nutritional and biochemical parameters of the studied women. Values are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M.
BMI body mass index, BMI 1 body mass index in the third trimester of pregnancy, BMI 2 non-pregnancy body mass index, SBP and DBP systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively
*p < 0.05 vs lean non-pregnant women
† p < 0.05 vs lean pregnant women