Fig. 3.

Validation of associations reported elsewhere by lookup in LifeGen. A search of recent literature suggested the gene regions shown here were most likely to harbour associations with lifespan, beyond the four loci identified in Table 2, which are further explored in the Discussion. The most powerful LifeGen analysis (i.e., European ancestry, father and mother combined) was used for validation. The odds ratio (OR) for extreme long-livedness is presented for the reported life-shortening allele (i.e., the OR for long-livedness < 1) in the original study, but not necessarily in LifeGen. The LifeGen OR of being long-lived was estimated empirically on the assumption that the relationship between the LifeGen observed hazard ratio (HR) and the OR is stable across allelic effects, with APOE results from LifeGen and CHARGE-EU 90+ 6 being used to estimate the ratio of ln HR to ln OR (−4.7). These estimates will only fully align with the published ORs if the shape of the effect on lifespan is similar to APOE, as is true under the proportional hazards assumption, nonetheless the pattern is suggestive. Further details are shown in Supplementary Data 3