Table 3.

Mixed models for associations between adiposity measures and blood pressure among Chinese children, stratified by sex and by region: The Childhood Obesity Study in China Mega-cities (n = 1626).

	BMI			WC			WHtR
	Beta	SE	P value	Beta	SE	P value	Beta	SE	P value
(A) For SBP
All†	1.22	0.06	<0.0001	0.50	0.03	<0.0001	65.08	4.53	<0.0001
Sex
Boys‡	1.32	0.09	<0.0001	0.49	0.03	<0.0001	64.67	5.82	<0.0001
Girls‡	1.07	0.10	<0.0001	0.50	0.04	<0.0001	67.23	7.21	<0.0001
Region
Beijing§	1.41	0.13	<0.0001	0.55	0.05	<0.0001	70.80	9.07	<0.0001
Shanghai§	0.80	0.12	<0.0001	0.33	0.04	<0.0001	45.21	7.71	<0.0001
Nanjing§	1.16	0.13	<0.0001	0.52	0.06	<0.0001	69.40	9.46	<0.0001
Xi’an§	1.47	0.14	<0.0001	0.62	0.06	<0.0001	78.55	10.06	<0.0001
(B) For DBP
All†	0.43	0.05	<0.0001	0.18	0.02	<0.0001	23.52	3.27	<0.0001
Sex
Boys‡	0.46	0.06	<0.0001	0.17	0.02	<0.0001	22.68	4.04	<0.0001
Girls‡	0.39	0.07	<0.0001	0.18	0.03	<0.0001	24.48	5.49	<0.0001
Region
Beijing§	0.39	0.09	<0.0001	0.13	0.04	0.0004	19.09	6.11	0.0019
Shanghai§	0.63	0.09	<0.0001	0.26	0.03	<0.0001	36.28	5.68	<0.0001
Nanjing§	0.36	0.10	0.0002	0.15	0.04	0.0004	22.34	6.98	0.0015
Xi’an§	0.38	0.11	0.0006	0.16	0.05	0.0006	15.84	7.58	0.0373

BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio; SE, standard error; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.

Linear regression models were fit for each outcome and stratified by sex and region.

^†Adjusted for sex, age, city, and mother’s education.

^‡Adjusted for age, city, and mother’s education.

^§Adjusted for age, sex, and mother’s education.