Fig. 1.

Sampling sites of the invasive bank vole, Myodes glareolus, across the Republic of Ireland. Curraghchase and Adare are the focal point of introduction, Gort, Nenagh and Cashel are mid-wave, and Tuam, Birr and New Ross represent the invasion front. For all trapping sites along the invasion gradient (black = focal point of introduction, grey = mid-wave, and white = invasion front), bar charts depict the prevalence of each parasite and boxplots indicate the mean parasite abundance (log x +1), where boxes indicate the mean, and lines the 95% confidence intervals.