Table 1.

Patient characteristics at baseline

Characteristics	PPV plus herbal medicines		PPV alone		P‐value
	(n = 35)		(n = 35)
	No.	%	No.	%
Age, years					0.75
Median	68		69
Range	48–85		56–81
ECOG PS					0.8
0	23	66	24	69
1	12	34	11	31
PSA, ng/mL					0.4
Mean ± SD	146.1 ± 55.3		417.1 ± 310.4
Median (range)	34.8 (1.4–1490)		16.2 (0.4–1089)
Gleason score					0.45
≤7	3	9	5	14
≥8	32	91	30	86
HLA typing of vaccinated peptide					0.1
HLA‐A24	18	51	23	66
HLA‐A2	13	37	9	26
HLA‐A3 super‐type†	4	12	3	8
Metastatic sites					0.9
Bone only	12	34	11	31
Bone with nodal/nodal only	11	32	11	32
Others	12	34	13	37
Prior additional treatments to ADT					0.2
Radical prostatectomy	1	3	1	3
Docetaxel	22	63	15	43
Radiation	5	14	3	9
Enzalutamide/Abiraterone	9	26	3	9
None	8	23	8	23

χ² test and t‐test were used for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. ^†HLA‐A3 super‐type included HLA‐A3, ‐A11, ‐A31 and ‐A33. ADT, androgen‐deprivation therapy; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; PSA, prostate‐specific antigen; PPV, personalized peptide vaccination.