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. 2017 Nov 8;8:1507. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01507

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Leptin-mediated autophagy and inflammation involved upstream activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in mice adipocytes. Adipocytes were pretreated with 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA, 5 mM for 2 h) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 50 mM for 1 h), followed incubated with recombinant leptin for 24 h or tunicamycin (TM) for 12 h (n = 3). (A) Gene expression profile of C/EBP homologous protein (Chop), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) in adipocytes treated with or without 4-PBA. (B) Representative Western blots showing the protein levels of LC3II, SQSTM1, and Atg5 in adipocytes treated with or without 4-PBA. (C) Gene expression profile of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-18, Tnfα, and IL-1β in adipocytes treated with or without 4-PBA. (D) Representative Western blots showing the protein levels of LC3II, SQSTM1, and Atg5 in adipocytes treated with or without 3-MA. (E) Gene expression profile of Chop, GRP78, and Atf4 in adipocytes treated with or without 3-MA. (F) Gene expression profile of IL-18, Tnfα, and IL-1β in adipocytes treated with or without 3-MA. Full scans of uncropped blots are included in Figure S3. Values are means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the control group, #p < 0.05 compared with the TM group, &p < 0.05 compared with the 4-PBA group or 3-MA group.