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. 2017 Nov 8;8:1507. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01507

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Copyright © 2017 Gan, Liu, Luo, Ren, Wu, Li and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) forms a complex with Atg5 and drives leptin-mediates autophagy in mice adipocytes. Adipocytes were preinfected with pAd-Atg5 or si-Atg5 and incubated with tunicamycin (TM), followed treated with or without leptin (n = 3). (A) Representative fluorescent photomicrographs showing the GFP-LC3 puncta formation in adipocytes transfected with GFP-LC3 plasmid and stained with Lyso-tracker Red. The nuclei were stained with DAPI shown in blue. (B) Representative Western blots showing the protein levels of Atg5, LC3II, and SQSTM1. (C) Gene expression of Tnfα, IL-1β, and IL-18 in adipocytes. Values are means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the TM group, ^#p < 0.05 compared with the leptin group.