Table 1.
Substrate Based Classification of MMPs and the Associated Liver Pathology.
| Classification of MMPs | Type of MMPs | Substrate | Specific role of MMP in liver diseases |
|---|---|---|---|
| Collagenases | MMP1 | Col I, II, III, VII, VIII, X, gelatin | Over expression in the liver effectively attenuates fibrosis and causes hepatocyte proliferation.23 |
| MMP8 | Col I, II, III, VII, VIII, X, aggrecan, gelatin | Promoted leukocyte infiltration in TNF-induced acute hepatitis.24 | |
| MMP13 | Col I, II, III, IV, IX, X, XIV, gelatin | Acute liver injury and accelerates liver fibrosis.26 | |
| Gelatinases | MMP2 | Gelatin, Col I, II, III, IV, VII, X | Expressed during Liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury.27 |
| MMP9 | Gelatin, Col IV, V | Expressed in leukocytes during Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.30, 31 | |
| Stromelysins | MMP3 | Col II, IV, IX, X, XI, gelatin | Expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma.25 |
| MMP10 | Col IV, laminin, fibronectin, elastin | Expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma.25 | |
| MMP11 | Col IV, fibronectin, laminin, aggrecan | Expressed in normothermic ischemia injury.29 | |
| MMP19 | # | Promoted TGF-p signaling in development of liver fibrosis.31 | |
| Matrilysins | MMP7 | Fibronectin, laminin, Col IV, gelatin | Expressed in biliary atresia fibrosis.49, 50, 51 |
| MMP26 | # | # | |
| Membrane Type-MMPs | MMP14 | Gelatin, fibronectin | Expressed in highly invasive hepatocellular carcinoma and expressed in liver fibrosis.33 |
| MMP15 | Gelatin, fibronectin | Expression is significantly downregulated post partial hepatectomy. | |
| MMP16 | Gelatin, fibronectin, laminin | Expressed in hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.32 | |
| MMP17 | Fibrinogen, fibrin | # | |
| MMP24 | # | Expressed post partial hepatectomy.33 | |
| MMP25 | # | # | |
| Others | MMP12 | Elastin, fibronectin, Col IV | # |
| MMP20 | # | # | |
| MMP22 | # | # | |
| MMP23 | # | # | |
| MMP28 | # | # |
#: not reported.