Table 6.
Univariate associations between combinations of different work exposures (low exposure, to physical demands, vs. high exposure) and self-reported excellent work ability (i.e., work ability score 10) for workers with pain in upper back and neck
| Work demands | Age 16–29 y |
Age 30–49 y |
Age 50–64 y |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | PR (95% CI) | N | PR (95% CI) | N | PR (95% CI) | ||
| Low exposure to “Leaning forward without support,” “Twisted work posture,” “Lifting ≥15 kg” |
Men | 15 | 0.96 (0.70, 1.51) | 116 | 1.41 (1.41, 1.88) | 94 | 1.56 (1.18, 2.22) |
| Women | 80 | 1.25 (0.99, 1.67) | 298 | 1.01 (1.01, 1.54) | 201 | 1.45 (1.08, 2.15) | |
| Low exposure to “Leaning forward without support,” “Twisted work posture,” “Lifting ≥15 kg” and “Low demands” |
Men | 5 | 0.79 (0.50, 1.36) | 45 | 1.23 (0.97, 1.65) | 32 | 0.99 (0.75, 1.45) |
| Women | 39 | 1.51 (1.09, 2.22) | 11 | 1.38 (1.08, 1.88) | 64 | 1.28 (0.93, 2.02) | |
| Low exposure to “Leaning forward without support,” “Twisted work posture,” “Lifting ≥15 kg,” “Hands at shoulder level or higher” |
Men | 15 | 0.99 (0.67, 1.11) | 112 | 1.48 (1.11, 2.18) | 93 | 1.49 (1.97, 2.01) |
| Women | 17 | 1.15 (0.88, 1.65) | 291 | 1.36 (1.03, 1.99) | 198 | 2.16 (1.38, 4.65) | |
| Low exposure to “Leaning forward without support,” “Twisted work posture,” “Lifting ≥15 kg,” “Hands at shoulder level or higher,” and “Low demands” |
Men | 5 | 0.85 (0.54, 1.79) | 43 | 1.29 (0.96, 1.92) | 31 | 0.93 (0.68, 1.49) |
| Women | 39 | 1.48 (1.01, 2.50) | 110 | 1.40 (1.02, 2.19) | 64 | 1.87 (1.13, 4.64) | |
| Low exposure to “Hands at shoulder level or higher,” “Repetitive movements” |
Men | 28 | 0.98 (0.72, 1.52) | 136 | 1.23 (0.99, 1.63) | 100 | 1.41 (1.05, 2.08) |
| Women | 82 | 1.03 (0.82, 1.37) | 298 | 1.18 (0.96, 1.53) | 197 | 1.83 (1.30, 3.01) | |
| Low exposure to “Hands at shoulder level or higher,” “Repetitive movements,” and “Low demands” |
Men | 12 | 0.97 (0.70, 1.54) | 54 | 1.10 (0.87, 1.51) | 32 | 0.96 (0.69, 1.55) |
| Women | 32 | 1.38 (0.98, 2.14) | 113 | 1.17 (0.93, 1.57) | 60 | 1.47 (1.00, 2.63 | |
| Low exposure to “Hands at shoulder level or higher,” “Repetitive movements,” “Frequent trunk rotations” |
Men | 16 | 1.06 (0.78, 1.62) | 101 | 1.37 (1.08, 1.85) | 64 | 1.48 (1.07, 2.32) |
| Women | 35 | 1.02 (0.81, 1.38) | 209 | 1.24 (1.00, 1.63) | 126 | 1.94 (1.34, 3.34) | |
| Low exposure to “Hands at shoulder level or higher,” “Repetitive movements,” “Frequent trunk rotations,” and “Low demands” Exposure to |
Men | 4 | 1.25 (0.70, 4.56) | 36 | 0.78 (0.61, 1.03) | 23 | 1.07 (0.81, 1.58) |
| Women | 15 | 0.70 (0.45, 1.08) | 81 | 0.85 (0.73, 1.02) | 43 | 0.62 (0.40, 0.90) | |
| “Seated work,” “Low demands,” “High control” | Men | 10 | 1.36 (0.87, 2.29) | 21 | 0.86 (0.70, 1.11) | 8 | 0.38 (0.14, 0.69) |
| Women | 12 | 1.37 (0.96, 1.95) | 33 | 0.98 (0.86, 1.15) | 11 | 0.55 (0.34, 0.78) | |
| “Low demands,” “High control,” “High support” | Men | 13 | 1.36 (0.87, 2.29) | 34 | 0.86 (0.70, 1.11) | 16 | 0.38 (0.14, 0.69) |
| Women | 15 | 1.37 (0.96, 1.95) | 75 | 0.98 (0.86, 1.15) | 35 | 0.55 (0.34, 0.78) | |
N, number of workers (reporting low exposure and work ability score 10). Bold values indicate a statistically significant association.
CI, confidence interval; PR, prevalence ratio.