Table 3.

Multivariate logistic regression. Associations of low wellbeing and maternal characteristics

	Odds Ratio, 95% CI
Maternal characteristic	OR	Lower	Upper	p
Ethnicity (European)	.44	.25	.77	< .01*
Marital status (with partner)	.45	.20	1.02	.06
Shift work (yes)	1.81	1.11	2.93	.02*
Occupational status (working = ref)
Not working	1.39	.80	2.42	.24
Home duties	1.28	.59	2.78	.53
Sleep h/d (6–9 h = ref)a
≤ 6 h	.90	.52	1.56	.70
≥ 9 h	1.11	.68	1.84	.67
Insufficient sleep d/m (low = ref)b
Medium	1.26	.73	2.17	.41
High	3.30	1.96	5.55	< .01*
Perceptions and attitudec
Attitude to current weight	1.05	.99	1.12	.11
Self-efficacy	.95	.92	.98	< .01*
Social support	.94	.90	.99	.03*
Cambridge worry scale
Socioeconomic	1.08	1.02	1.15	.01*
Health	1.06	1.01	1.11	.03*
Relationship	1.17	1.05	1.31	< .01*
Age (young = ref)d
middle	.81	.50	1.31	.39
old	.90	.54	1.49	.68
BMI at baseline	1.03	.98	1.08	.32
Weeks of gestation	.95	.87	1.03	.17
Pregnant before (yes)	1.11	.72	1.71	.64
Systolic blood pressure	.99	.97	1.01	.21

Only variables remaining after step two were included in the model (method = enter, outcome = WHO-5 index: low wellbeing), χ2 (21, N = 692) = 163.71, p < .001, R ² = .21, Durbin Watson = 2.10

^asleep hours per day (24 h, self-reported); ≤ 6 h; 6–9 h; ≥ 9 h

^bdays per month (self-reported), based on tertiles

^cBased on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model [43]

^dbased on tertiles

*< .05