Fig. 3.

Mean total normal stress. (A) Heat map of the mean total normal stress of the tissue in the $(v_0,P_0)$ plane. The black crosses outline the solid–liquid phase boundary determined by $q=3.813$. Red indicates contractile stress and blue extensile stress. (B) Mean total normal stress as a function of $P_0$ at various $v_0$, showing a change in sign deep in the liquid state ($400$ cells for $T=\mathrm{1,000}$ and $D_r=0.1$ with periodic boundary condition).