Table 1.

Effects of each therapy against oocyte aging

	Model	Mechanism	Effects	Refs.
Vitamin C, E	Mouse	Antioxidant action	Increase in ovulated oocyte Improvement of oocyte quality	[57]
Melatonin	Human a	Antioxidant action	Improvement of fertilization rate in ART cycle Improvement of pregnancy rate in ART cycle	[60]
Resveratrol	Mouse	SIRT1 activation	Increase in follicular oocyte pool Improvement in chromosomal alignment on metaphase plates Decrease in meiotic spindle abnormalities	[73]
Calorie restriction	Mouse	Modification of insulin/IGF‐1, mTOR, and SIRT1 pathways	Increase in ovulated oocyte numbers Decrease in chromosomal aberrations Decrease in abnormal mitochondrial aggregation	[80]
Mitochondrial transfer b	Human	Supplementation of mitochondrial function	Improvement of fertilization rate in ART cycle Improvement of pregnancy rate in ART cycle	[91]

^aAmong the patients who failed to become pregnant with a low fertilization rate (≤50 %) in the previous ART cycle

^bAUGMENT (Autologous Germline Mitochondrial Energy Transfer)‐IVF has been proposed, but the effect of this therapy has not been validated as yet