Table 1. Characteristics of the 75 studies included in the NMA.
| Study ID | Investigational treatments | Size | Background therapy | Trial duration (w) | Baseline information | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) |
HbA1c (%) |
Years of T2DM | |||||
| Arjona Ferreira JC 2013 | Sitagliptin, SU | 423 | NO | 54 | 64.2 | 7.8 | NR |
| Arjona Ferreira JC 2013 | Sitagliptin, SU | 129 | NO | 54 | 59.5 | 7.8 | 17.5 |
| Aschner P 2010 | Sitagliptin, Met | 1050 | NO | 24 | 56.0 | 7.3 | 2.4 |
| Barnett AH 2013 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 455 | Insulin/Insulin+ Met | 52 | 57.2 | 8.7 | 12.0 |
| Barnett AH 2012 | Saxagliptin, SU | 455 | Insulin/Insulin+ Met | 24 | 57.2 | 8.7 | 12.0 |
| Barnett AH 2013 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 241 | OAD | 24 | 74.9 | 7.8 | NR |
| Barzilai N 2011 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 206 | OAD | 24 | 71.9 | 7.8 | 7.1 |
| CANTATA-D, Lavalle-Gonzalez FJ 2013 | Sitagliptin,SLGT-2,Placebo | 1284 | Met | 26 | 55.4 | 7.9 | 6.9 |
| CANTATA-D2, Schernthaner G 2013 | Sitagliptin,SLGT-2 | 755 | Met+SU | 52 | 56.7 | 8.1 | 9.6 |
| Charbonnel B 2006 | Sitagliptin, SU | 701 | Met+TZD | 104 | 54.5 | 8.0 | 6.2 |
| DeFronzo RA 2012 | Alogliptin, TZD, Placebo | 1554 | Met | 26 | 54.5 | 8.6 | 6.2 |
| Dobs AS 2013 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 262 | Met+TZD | 54 | 54.5 | 8.8 | 9.3 |
| ENDURE, NCT00856284 2013 | Alogliptin, SU | 2639 | Met | 104 | 55.4 | 7.6 | 5.5 |
| Fonseca V 2013 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 313 | Met+TZD | 26 | 56.1 | 8.7 | 9.8 |
| Frederich R 2012 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 294 | NO | 24 | 55.0 | 7.9 | 1.7 |
| Göke B 2013 | Saxagliptin, SU | 858 | Met | 104 | 57.6 | 7.7 | 5.5 |
| Haak T 2013 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 395 | Met | 54 | 55.8 | 7.5 | NR |
| Jadzinsky M 2009 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 1306 | Met | 24 | 52.0 | 9.5 | 1.7 |
| Kashiwagi A 2011 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 134 | TZD | 12 | 58.4 | 8.1 | 7.9 |
| NCT00121667 2014 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 743 | Met+TZD | 206 | 54.6 | 8.1 | NR |
| Raz I 2008 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 190 | Met | 18 | 54.8 | 9.2 | NR |
| NCT00601250 2009 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 700 | Met | 24 | 56.5 | 8.1 | NR |
| NCT00602472 2014 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 1055 | Met+SU | 24 | 58.1 | 8.1 | NR |
| NCT00661362 2012 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 570 | Met | 24 | 54.1 | 7.9 | NR |
| Arechavaleta R 2011 | Sitagliptin, SU | 1035 | Met | 30 | 56.3 | 7.5 | NR |
| Henry RR 2014 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 1615 | Met+TZD | 54 | NR | NR | NR |
| NCT00798161 2010 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 857 | NO/Met | 24 | 55.2 | 8.9 | NR |
| Sheu WHH 2015 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 1261 | Insulin | 52 | 60.0 | 8.6 | NR |
| GENERATION,Schernthaner G 2015 | Saxagliptin, SU | 720 | Met | 52 | 72.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 |
| Yoon KH 2012 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 520 | TZD | 24 | 50.9 | 9.5 | 2.1 |
| NCT01076088 2015 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 617 | Met | 24 | 52.5 | 8.6 | NR |
| NCT01183013 2014 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 763 | TZD | 54 | 57.3 | 8.1 | NR |
| NCT01204294 2012 | Linagliptin, Met | 574 | SU/TZD/a-Glu | 52 | 60.9 | 8.0 | NR |
| NCT01215097 2013 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 305 | Met | 24 | 55.5 | 8.0 | NR |
| Ji L,2015 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 689 | Met | 14 | 53.0 | NR | NR |
| Mathieu C 2015 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 658 | Insulin+Met | 24 | 58.8 | NR | 13.5 |
| Nowicki M 2011 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 170 | OAD | 52 | 66.5 | 8.3 | 16.7 |
| Olansky L 2011 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 1250 | Met | 44 | 49.7 | 9.9 | 3.4 |
| Pratley RE 2009 | Alogliptin, Placebo | 500 | SU | 26 | 56.5 | NR | 7.7 |
| Prato S 2011 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 503 | OAD | 24 | 55.7 | 8.0 | NR |
| Raz I 2006 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 741 | NO | 24 | 54.2 | 8.0 | 4.5 |
| Roden M 2015 | Sitagliptin,SLGT-2,Placebo | 899 | NO | 76 | 55.0 | NR | NR |
| Rosenstock J 2006 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 353 | TZD | 24 | 56.2 | 8.0 | 6.1 |
| Rosenstock J 2009 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 401 | Met | 24 | 53.5 | 7.9 | 2.6 |
| Rosenstock J 2013 | Alogliptin, SU | 441 | NO | 52 | 69.9 | 7.5 | 6.1 |
| Ross SA 2012 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 491 | Met | 12 | 58.6 | 8.0 | NR |
| SAVOR-TIMI 53, Raz I 2014 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 16492 | Insulin/ Met/SU | 109 | 65.0 | 8.0 | 10.3 |
| Vilsboll T 2010 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 641 | Insulin | 24 | 57.8 | 8.7 | 12.5 |
| Wainstein J 2012 | Sitagliptin, TZD | 517 | Met/NO | 32 | 52.3 | 8.9 | 3.2 |
| EXAMINE, White WB 2013 | Alogliptin, Placebo | 5380 | OAD | 76 | 61.0 | 8.0 | 7.2 |
| Goldstein BJ 2007 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 1091 | Met | 104 | 53.5 | 8.8 | 4.5 |
| Pratley RE 2014 | Alogliptin, Placebo | 334 | NO | 26 | 53.1 | NR | 4.0 |
| Pratley RE 2014 | Alogliptin, Placebo | 450 | Met | 26 | 53.9 | NR | 4.1 |
| Takihata M 2013 | Sitagliptin, TZD | 115 | Met/SU/Met+SU | 24 | 60.5 | 7.4 | NR |
| Gallwitz B 2012 | Linagliptin, SU | 1551 | Met | 104 | 59.8 | 7.7 | NR |
| Rosenstock J 2015 | Saxagliptin,SLGT-2 | 266 | Met | 24 | 54.5 | 9.0 | 7.8 |
| Rosenstock J 2015 | Saxagliptin, Placebo | 268 | Met+SGLT-2 | 24 | 53.5 | 8.9 | 7.3 |
| Hirose T 2015 | Vildagliptin, Placebo | 156 | Insulin, Met | 12 | 59.3 | 8.1 | 12.9 |
| Mita T 2016 Hollander PL 2011 Charbonnel B 2013 Nauck M 2007 AWARD-5, Weinstock RS 2015 Roden M 2013 Takeshita Y 2015 NCT01098539 2014 Moses RG 2015 NCT01545388 2014 HARMONY3 2014 |
Sitagliptin, Placebo Saxagliptin, Placebo Sitagliptin, Liraglutide Sitagliptin, SU Sitagliptin, Dulaglutide Sitagliptin,SGLT-2,Placebo Vildagliptin, Liraglutide Sitagliptin, Albigutide Sitagliptin, Placebo MET, Placebo Sitagliptin, Placebo |
282 565 653 1172 921 899 122 495 422 337 403 |
OAD TZD SU Met Met NO Sitagliptin OAD MET+SU Sitagliptin MET |
104 76 26 104 104 24 12 52 24 26 156 |
63.7 54 57.3 56.7 54 55 64.7 63.3 54.9 59.6 54.8 |
8.1 8.3 8.2 7.7 8.1 NA 8 NA 8.4 7.51 NA |
17.3 5.2 7.9 6.4 7 NA NA NA NA NA NA |
| Bosi 2011 | Alogliptin, Pioglitazone | 803 | Met+ TZD | 52 | 55.0 | 8.3 | 7.2 |
| Bosi E 2009 | Vildagliptin, Placebo | 879 | Met | 24 | 52.8 | 8.7 | 6.1 |
| Fonseca 2007 | Vildagliptin, Placebo | 296 | Insulin | 24 | 59.2 | 8.4 | 14.7 |
| Pan C 2012 | Vildagliptin, Placebo | 438 | Met | 24 | 54.2 | 8.1 | 5.0 |
| Scherbaum WA 2008 | Vildagliptin, Placebo | 306 | NO | 52 | 63.3 | 6.7 | 2.6 |
| McGill JB 2014 | Linagliptin, Placebo | 133 | SU | 52 | 64.4 | 8.2 | NA |
| Ferrannini E2013 | Sitagliptin, Placebo | 444 | Met | 78 | 58.6 | 8.1 | NA |
Note: NR: not report; Y: yes; N: no; OAD: oral anti-diabetic drugs; DPP-4I: including all kinds of DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitors; SGLT-2: Sodium-Glucose co-Transporter 2; Met: Metformin; SU: sulphanylureas; a-GLU: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; TZD: thiazolidinediones. CANTATA-D Trial: CANagliflozin Treatment and Trial Analysis-DPP-4 Inhibitor Comparator Trial; CANTATA-D2: CANagliflozin Treatment And Trial Analysis-DPP-4 Inhibitor Second Comparator Trial; ENDURE: Efficacy and Safety of Alogliptin Plus Metformin Compared to Glipizide Plus Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; GENERATION: Saxagliptin Compared to Glimepiride in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Patients, With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin; EXAMINE: Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Alogliptin versus Standard of Care; HARMONY3: A Study to Determine the Safety and Efficacy of Albiglutide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.