Table 1. Subgroup analysis of fat intake and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
| Subgroup | Total fat | SFA | PUFA | MUFA | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | RR (95% CI) | I2 | N | RR (95% CI) | I2 | N | RR (95% CI) | I2 | N | RR (95% CI) | I2 | |
| Study design | ||||||||||||
| Population-based | 7 | 1.82 (1.15–2.90) | 75.8 | 6 | 2.15 (1.47–3.16) | 56.5 | 4 | 0.95 (0.79–1.15) | 0 | 3 | 2.13 (1.01–4.51) | 81.1 |
| Hospital-based | 1 | 1.18 (0.76–1.84) | - | 1 | 0.99 (0.68–1.44) | - | 1 | 1.35 (0.94–1.94) | - | 1 | 1.07 (0.72–1.60) | - |
| Cohort | ||||||||||||
| Caucasian | 8 | 1.69 (1.14–2.50) | 72.9 | 7 | 1.88 (1.28–2.77) | 70.0 | 5 | 1.04 (0.86–1.27) | 22 | 4 | 1.70 (1.01–2.84) | 76.8 |
| Asian | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Energy intake adjustment | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 7 | 1.57 (1.06–2.33) | 73.0 | 6 | 1.75 (1.19–2.58) | 70.6 | 5 | 1.04 (0.86–1.27) | 22 | 4 | 1.70 (1.01–2.84) | 76.8 |
| No | 1 | 3.70 (1.38–9.98) | - | 1 | 4.60 (1.36–15.55) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Smoking adjustment | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 7 | 1.57 (1.06–2.33) | 73.0 | 6 | 1.75 (1.19–2.58) | 70.6 | 5 | 1.04 (0.86–1.27) | 22 | 4 | 1.70 (1.01–2.84) | 76.8 |
| No | 1 | 3.70 (1.38–9.98) | - | 1 | 4.60 (1.36–15.55) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
SFA, saturated fat; PUFA, polyunsaturated fat; MUFA, monounsaturated fat; N, number of included studies; RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval.