Table 3.
Adjusted fertility rate ratios for those women aged 15–49 excluding person years prior to first sex
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FRR | 95% CI | FRR | 95% CI | |
| HIV status | ||||
| HIV negative | 1 | 1 | ||
| HIV positive | 0.69 | 0.62–0.77 | 0.59 | 0.51–0.69 |
| Effects of HIV by age | ||||
| 15–19, HIV positive | 1.33 | 1.11–1.60 | 1.55 | 1.21–1.98 |
| 20–24, HIV positive | 1.20 | 1.05–1.38 | 1.36 | 1.13–1.63 |
| 25–29, HIV positive | 1.12 | 0.97–1.29 | 1.29 | 1.06–1.56 |
| 30–34, HIV positive | 1 | 1 | ||
| 35–39, HIV positive | 0.77 | 0.63–0.92 | 0.81 | 0.62–1.04 |
| 40–44, HIV positive | 0.62 | 0.44–0.88 | 0.67 | 0.41–1.10 |
| 45–49, HIV positive | 0.42 | 0.18–0.96 | 0.10 | 0.01–0.96 |
| Effects of HIV by place of residence | ||||
| Urban, HIV positive | 1 | |||
| Rural, HIV positive | 1.21 | 1.05–1.40 | ||
| Effects of place of residence on age and HIV status interaction | ||||
| Rural, HIV positive, 15–19 | 0.78 | 0.63–0.98 | ||
| Rural, HIV positive, 20–24 | 0.82 | 0.69–0.98 | ||
| Rural, HIV positive, 25–29 | 0.78 | 0.65–0.93 | ||
| Rural, HIV positive, 30–34 | 1 | |||
| Rural, HIV positive, 35–39 | 0.90 | 0.71–1.16 | ||
| Rural, HIV positive, 40–44 | 0.90 | 0.57–1.42 | ||
| Rural, HIV positive, 45–49 | 4.65 | 0.6–36.32 | ||
| Effects of HIV by region | ||||
| Southern, HIV positive | 1.09 | 1.02–1.16 | ||
| Eastern, HIV positive | 1 | |||
| Western, HIV positive | 1.05 | 0.96–1.14 | ||
| Effects of HIV by ART coverage | ||||
| <20%, HIV positive | 1 | |||
| 20–49%, HIV positive | 1.04 | 0.98–1.11 | ||
| >50%, HIV positive | 1.13 | 1.05–1.22 | ||
| Age group | ||||
| 15–19 | 1.20 | 1.15–1.24 | 1.16 | 1.10–1.22 |
| 20–24 | 1.22 | 1.17–1.26 | 1.16 | 1.10–1.22 |
| 25–29 | 1.15 | 1.11–1.20 | 1.14 | 1.08–1.20 |
| 30–34 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 35–39 | 0.76 | 0.73–0.80 | 0.69 | 0.64–0.74 |
| 40–44 | 0.33 | 0.31–0.35 | 0.25 | 0.23–0.28 |
| 45–49 | 0.08 | 0.07–0.10 | 0.06 | 0.04–0.07 |
| Place of residence | ||||
| Urban | 1 | |||
| Rural | 1.32 | 1.27–1.37 | ||
| Effects of age by place of residence | ||||
| Rural, 15–19 | 1.05 | 1.00–1.10 | ||
| Rural, 20–24 | 1.08 | 1.04–1.13 | ||
| Rural, 25–29 | 1.03 | 0.98–1.08 | ||
| Rural, 30–34 | 1 | |||
| Rural, 35–39 | 1.13 | 1.06–1.21 | ||
| Rural, 40–44 | 1.37 | 1.22–1.53 | ||
| Rural, 45–49 | 1.59 | 1.22–2.07 | ||
| Region | ||||
| Southern | 0.74 | 0.71–0.77 | ||
| Eastern | 1 | |||
| Western | 0.72 | 0.68–0.76 | ||
| ART coverage | ||||
| <20% | 1 | |||
| 20–49% | 0.96 | 0.92–0.99 | ||
| >50% | 0.76 | 0.72–0.80 | ||
Results from exponential regression of fertility rates as a function of HIV status, age controlling for country and calendar year. Also not shown is the additional interaction between years before the survey, HIV status and age group. Model 2 has an additional interaction between place of residence, age group and HIV status, region and HIV status, and ART coverage and HIV status.