Table 3.

Associations between beverage intake and clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization (n=339 women/completed cycles).

Beverage Intake (Range)	N	Adjusted Proportions (95% CI)
		positive b-hCG	Clinical Pregnancy	Live Birth
Total Caffeine Intake
Q1 (0–70 mg/day)	84	0.36 (0.26, 0.47)	0.33 (0.24, 0.44)	0.33 (0.24, 0.44)
Q2 (71–141 mg/day)	86	0.30 (0.22, 0.41)	0.25 (0.17, 0.35)	0.20 (0.13, 0.30)
Q3 (142–230 mg/day)	86	0.35 (0.26, 0.46)	0.31 (0.22, 0.41)	0.23 (0.15, 0.33)
Q4 (231–816 mg/day)	83	0.35 (0.25, 0.46)	0.31 (0.22, 0.42)	0.22 (0.14, 0.32)
P-trend2		0.47	0.94	0.18
Total Coffee
0 cup/day	70	0.35 (0.24, 0.47)	0.33 (0.23, 0.45)	0.32 (0.22, 0.44)
0.1–1 cups/day	70	0.33 (0.23, 0.45)	0.24 (0.15, 0.36)	0.19 (0.12, 0.31)
1.1–2 cups/day	92	0.33 (0.24, 0.43)	0.28 (0.20, 0.38)	0.23 (0.15, 0.33)
2.1–3 cups/day	51	0.38 (0.25, 0.52)	0.31 (0.20, 0.46)	0.22 (0.12, 0.35)
3.1–10 cups/day	56	0.32 (0.21, 0.45)	0.31 (0.20, 0.45)	0.22 (0.13, 0.35)
P-trend		0.89	0.89	0.32
Instant Coffee
0 cup/day	115	0.32 (0.24, 0.42)	0.28 (0.21, 0.37)	0.24 (0.17, 0.33)
0.1–1 cups/day	73	0.37 (0.27, 0.49)	0.32 (0.22, 0.44)	0.25 (0.16, 0.36)
1.1–2 cups/day	84	0.36 (0.26, 0.47)	0.29 (0.21, 0.40)	0.23 (0.15, 0.34)
2.1–10 cups/day	67	0.30 (0.20, 0.42)	0.28 (0.19, 0.40)	0.23 (0.14, 0.34)
P-trend		0.78	0.96	0.82
Filtered Coffee
0 cup/day	324	0.33 (0.28, 0.38)	0.29 (0.24, 0.34)	0.23 (0.19, 0.28)
0.1–2 cups/day	15	0.54 (0.30, 0.77)	0.46 (0.23, 0.71)	0.32 (0.13, 0.59)
Boiled or Mud Coffee
0 cup/day	316	0.34 (0.29, 0.39)	0.29 (0.24, 0.35)	0.24 (0.19, 0.29)
0.1–5 cups/day	23	0.34 (0.18, 0.56)	0.29 (0.14, 0.51)	0.21 (0.09, 0.42)
Cappuccino
0 cup/day	281	0.34 (0.28, 0.40)	0.30 (0.24, 0.35)	0.24 (0.19, 0.29)
0.1–4 cups/day	58	0.34 (0.22, 0.47)	0.28 (0.18, 0.41)	0.22 (0.13, 0.35)
Espresso
0 cup/day	314	0.33 (0.28, 0.39)	0.29 (0.24, 0.34)	0.24 (0.19, 0.29)
0.1–4 cups/day	25	0.42 (0.24, 0.62)	0.36 (0.20, 0.57)	0.24 (0.12, 0.45)
Decaffeinated Coffee
0 cup/day	323	0.34 (0.29, 0.39)	0.29 (0.25, 0.35)	0.24 (0.20, 0.29)
0.1–3 cups/day	16	0.33 (0.15, 0.59)	0.26 (0.10, 0.53)	0.12 (0.03, 0.39)
Caffeinated Tea
0 cup/day	168	0.36 (0.28, 0.43)	0.30 (0.23, 0.37)	0.22 (0.17, 0.30)
0.1–1 cups/day	111	0.29 (0.21, 0.38)	0.26 (0.18, 0.35)	0.22 (0.15, 0.31)
1.1–8 cups/day	60	0.38 (0.26, 0.51)	0.35 (0.23, 0.48)	0.30 (0.19, 0.43)
P-trend		0.98	0.70	0.35
Herbal Tea
0 cup/day	242	0.37 (0.31, 0.43)	0.32 (0.26, 0.38)	0.26 (0.21, 0.32)
0.1–1 cups/day	65	0.25 (0.16, 0.37)	0.21 (0.13, 0.33)	0.15 (0.08, 0.26)
1.1–6 cups/day	32	0.31 (0.17, 0.48)	0.27 (0.14, 0.44)	0.23 (0.12, 0.40)
P-trend		0.18	0.20	0.24
Hot Chocolate
0 cup/day	294	0.33 (0.28, 0.39)	0.28 (0.23, 0.33)	0.22 (0.17, 0.27)
0.1–5 cups/day	45	0.39 (0.25, 0.54)	0.40 (0.26, 0.55)	0.36 (0.23, 0.52)
Sugared Soda
0 cup/day	242	0.38 (0.32, 0.44)	0.35 (0.29, 0.41)	0.28 (0.23 0.34)
0.1–1 cups/day	60	0.21 (0.13, 0.33)*	0.16 (0.09,0 0.28)*	0.16 (0.09 0.27)
1.1–10 cups/day	37	0.28 (0.16, 0.45)	0.20 (0.10, 0.37)	0.12 (0.05 0.27)*
P-trend		0.06	0.01	0.01
Diet Soda
0 cup/day	248	0.33 (0.28, 0.40)	0.29 (0.24, 0.35)	0.22 (0.17, 0.28)
0.1–1 cups/day	40	0.41 (0.26, 0.57)	0.38 (0.24, 0.55)	0.32 (0.19, 0.48)
1.1–15 cups/day	51	0.31 (0.19, 0.46)	0.23 (0.14, 0.37)	0.23 (0.13, 0.38)
P-trend		0.97	0.68	0.63
Energy Drink
0 cup/day	319	0.34 (0.29, 0.39)	0.29 (0.24, 0.35)	0.24 (0.19, 0.29)
0.1–2 cups/day	20	0.34 (0.16, 0.59)	0.31 (0.13, 0.56)	0.23 (0.09, 0.49)

Models were run using logistic regression. All data are presented as adjusted mean proportions.

¹Total caffeine and caffeinated beverages were adjusted for intake age, BMI, smoking status, and country of origin. Specific beverages were further adjusted for coffee, caffeinated tea, herbal tea, sugared soda, and energy drink intake.

²P-trend was calculated by using the median value in each category as a continuous variable in the multivariable model.

^*Indicates p-value is <0.05 for that specific category compared to lowest category or non-drinkers.