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. 2017 Dec 1;8:888. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00888

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Copyright © 2017 Gessi, Bencivenni, Battistello, Vincenzi, Colotta, Catarzi, Varano, Merighi, Borea and Varani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of CGS 21680 on pERK1/2, pJNK1/2 MAPK kinase, and pAKT activation. Cells were incubated in the presence of 100 nM CGS 21680 for 0, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min and pERK1/2 (A), pJNK1/2 (B), and pAKT (C) protein levels were evaluated by AlphaScreen SureFire pMAPK assays in MRMT-1, A375, and A549 cells. Solutions were made up in DMSO and then diluted in cell culture medium (0.1 max 0.2% of DMSO). An equal amount of DMSO was used in control cells (CTR). ^∗P < 0.01 compared with time 0. Means ± SE values from four experiments are shown. Analysis was by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test.