Table 7.
Relation between respiratory symptoms and smoking status among male adults.
| Respiratory symptom | Non-smokers (%) | Current smokers (%) | Crude odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] | P value | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any | 601 (40.1) | 1,874 (48.9) | 1.43 (1.27, 1.62) | <0.0001 | 1.42 (1.25, 1.61) | <0.0001 |
| Cough | 477 (34.7) | 1,563 (44.4) | 1.50 (1.32, 1.71) | <0.0001 | 1.48 (1.29,1.70) | <0.0001 |
| Phlegm | 291 (24.5) | 1,072 (35.4) | 1.69 (1.45, 1.97) | <0.0001 | 1.70 (1.45, 1.99) | <0.0001 |
| Chest pain | 33 (3.5) | 111(5.4) | 1.54 (1.04, 2.30) | 0.03 | 1.55 (1.02, 2.35) | 0.04 |
| Dyspnea | 33 (2.6) | 115 (5.5) | 1.89 (1.24, 2.87) | 0.003 | 1.52 (0.98, 2.36) | 0.06 |
| Nasosinusitis | 76 (7.8) | 197 (9.1) | 1.19 (0.90, 1.57) | 0.22 | 1.38 (1.03, 1.88) | 0.03 |
| Chronic pharyngitis | 53 (5.6) | 179 (8.4) | 1.65 (1.24, 2.21) | 0.0007 | 1.55 (1.11, 2.15) | 0.02 |
aAdjusted for age, marital status, education, annual family income, and body mass index, as well as for social-environmental factors using multiple logistic regression models.