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. 2017 Dec 5;8:1947. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01907-4

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Schematics of the two-step teleconnection. In step 1 (equatorward propagation), Arctic sea-ice loss induced high-latitude changes propagate into tropics, triggering tropical circulation and convection response. Decreased convection and decreased upper-level divergence in the tropical Pacific in turn drive a northward-propagating Rossby wavetrain with anticyclonic flow forming in the North Pacific. This ridge is responsible for steering the wet tropical air masses away from California