Table 1.
Changes in skeletal muscle HSP72 levels during metabolic disease. HFD, high-fat diet; n.a., not available.
| investigators | model | muscle | status | duration HFD | HSP72 levels |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kurucz et al. [13] | human | vastus lateralis | type 2 diabetic | n.a. | HSP72 mRNA reduced |
| Bruce et al. [14] | human | vastus lateralis | type 2 diabetic | n.a. | HSP72 mRNA reduced |
| Chung et al. [5] | human and rodent | not reported | obese and insulin resistant | unknown for humans, 16 weeks for rodents | HSP72 protein reduced in humans, not reported in rodents |
| Gupte et al. [6] | rodent | soleus | impaired glucose tolerance | 6 weeks | HSP72 protein unaffected by diet |
| Gupte et al. [7] | rodent | soleus and extensor digitorum longus | impaired glucose tolerance | 12 weeks | HSP72 protein unaffected by diet |
| Henstridge et al. [15] | human | vastus lateralis | healthy | n.a. | HSP72 protein content inversely related to body fat percentage |
| Kavanagh et al. [16] | primate | biceps femoris | healthy and insulin resistant | 16 weeks and 6 years | HSP72 protein increased at 16 weeks and reduced at 6 years |
| Rodrigues-Krause et al. [17] | human | vastus lateralis | type 2 diabetic | n.a. | HSP72 protein reduced |
| Henstridge et al. [8] | rodent | quadriceps | obese/insulin resistant | 10 weeks | no change in HSP72 protein reported |
| Matos et al. [18] | human | vastus lateralis | healthy, obese–insulin sensitive and obese–insulin resistant | n.a. | basal and exercise-induced HSP72 protein reduced in both obese–sensitive and obese–insulin resistant subjects |
| Silverstein et al. [11] | rodent | gastrocnemius | aged mice; heat or geranylgeranylacetone treated | 14 weeks | changes in basal HSP72 protein not reported; HSP72 induction positively impacted metabolic measures |
| Marineli et al. [19] | rodent | soleus | impaired glucose tolerance | 12 weeks | HSP72 protein increased |
| Bock et al. [20] | rodent | soleus | insulin resistant | 28 weeks | HSP72 protein unaffected by diet |
| Kavanagh et al. [9] | primate | vastus lateralis | aged or young, both healthy and pre-diabetic/diabetic | n.a. | HSP72 protein inversely related to fasting blood glucose |
| Rogers et al. [10] | rodent | extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus | high-capacity or low-capacity runners (HCR and LCR respectively) | 3 days | basal HSP72 protein unaffected by diet; HSP72 induction via heat blunted in LCRs in EDL |