Table 1.
Influenza A viruses recovered from environmental samples (sand from transects in 2010 and 2012; horseshoe crab eggs in 2012) collected from three beach locations at DE Bay, USA, and matching HA/NA subtypes from shorebirds collected at DE Bay in the same year.
| collection year | location | transect | strain name | subtype | recovery of matched HA/NA subtype from shorebirdsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Reeds Beach | backshore zone#1 | A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 1-17/2010 | H13N6 | SJCRHb (1): Reeds Beach (RB)-1 |
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 1-19/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 1-24/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 1-27/2010 | |||||
| swash/high tide zone#2 | A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-11/2010 | ||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-35/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-37/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-38/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-42/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-43/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-47/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-49/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 2-56/2010 | |||||
| foreshore zone#3 | A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 3-1/2010 | ||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 3-7/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 3-26/2010 | |||||
| A/sand/NJ/Sand2010 3-72/2010 | |||||
| 2011 | Pierces Point | N/A | A/horseshoe crab egg/NJ/AI11-673/2011 | H7N3 | UGAc (7): Cooks Beach (CB)-2; Pierces Point (PP)-1; RB-3; Villas-1 |
| SJCRH (8): CB-4; Kimbles Beach (KB)-2; PP-2 | |||||
| 2012 | Kimbles Beach | Transect #4d | A/sand/NJ/Sand2012 4-4/2012 | H12N3 | UGA (20): Baycove (BC)-2; CB-1; KB-12; PP-4; RB-1 |
| SJCRH (7): Norburys Landing-1; PP-6 | |||||
| Transect #5e | A/sand/NJ/Sand2012 5-8/2012 | H12N1 | UGA (14): BC-4; CB-2; KB-5; PP-3 |
aCollecting institution (total number of isolates): beach location (abbreviation) − number of isolates from location.
bSt Jude (SJCRH) IAV isolates were obtained from faecal swabs.
cUniversity of Georgia (UGA) IAV isolates were obtained from faecal swabs or cloacal/oropharyngeal swabs taken directly from shorebirds or gulls.
dTransect #4 was located 1.5 m behind edge of receding water.
eTransect #5 was located at edge of receding water.