Figure 3.

Epifluorescence observation of fungal growth in wheat inoculated with BSMV and infected with CYR32. Leaves inoculated with CYR32 were sampled at 48 and 120 hpi and examined under an epifluorescence microscope after staining with wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to Alexa-488 (Invitrogen). Treatments include BSMV:γ (A), BSMV:PsFUZ7-1as (B), BSMV:PsFUZ7-2as inoculated with CYR32 at 48 hpi (C; bars = 10 μm), BSMV:γ (D), BSMV:PsFUZ7-1as (E), and BSMV:PsFUZ7-2as inoculated with CYR32 at 120 hpi (F; bars = 50 μm). G, Average number of H, HB, and HMC in wheat inoculated with BSMV constructs and infected with CYR32 at 48 hpi. H, Average length of IH measured from their origin at the SV to the tip of the hypha in wheat inoculated with BSMV constructs and infected with CYR32 at 48 hpi. I, Infection area per infection site in wheat inoculated with BSMV and infected with CYR32 at 120 hpi. Differences in G to I were assessed using Student's t tests. Values represent the means ± standard errors of three independent samples. Single asterisks indicate P < 0.05, and double asterisks indicate P < 0.01. SV, Substomatal vesicle; HMC, haustorial mother cell; IH, infection hypha; HB, hyphal branches; H, haustorium or haustoria.