Table 1.
Summary characteristics of included studies and participants according to achieved systolic blood pressure groups
| Study name (year) | FU (months) | SBPTa
study |
P-h/sa of RCTs analysis | N participants | Antihypertensive | Age (SD) | Women (%) | Hypertension (%) |
Diabetes (%) |
Smoking (%) | Previous coronary disease (%) |
Previous cerebrovascular disease (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | |||||||||||
| 140 to < 150 mmHg | ||||||||||||||
| HOT [14] (2000) | 45 | No | Yes | nd | nd | Thiazide, BB, CCB or ACEi | Thiazide, BB, CCB or ACEi | 70.6 (3.9) | 54 | 100 | 10 | 11 | 13 | |
| 130 to < 140 versus ≥ 140 mmHg | ||||||||||||||
| EWPHE [30] (1989) | 9 | Yes | Yes | 120 | 126 | thiazide + triamterene | thiazide + triamterene | 71.4 (6.9) | 70 | 100 | nd | 19 | 35 | |
| JATOS [10] (2008) | 24 | Yes | No | 2212 | 2206 | CCB | CCB | 73.6 (5.2) | 61 | 100 | 11 | 13 | 3 | 4 |
| VALISH [11] (2010) | 33 | Yes | No | 1545 | 1534 | ARB | ARB | 76.1 (4.1) | 62 | 100 | 13 | 19 | 5 | 6 |
| ADVANCE [28] (2010) 65–74 yo | 51 | No | Yes | 2845 | 2760 | Thiazide + ACEi | Placebo + usual antiHTN drug treatmentc | 68 (nd) | 42 | 61 | 100 | 10 | 11 | 8 |
| ADVANCE [28] (2010) ≥ 75 yo | 51 | No | Yes | 490 | 518 | Thiazide + ACEi | Placebo + usual antiHTN drug treatmentc | 77 (nd) | 40 | 67 | 100 | 6 | 16 | 12 |
| FEVER [21] (2011) | 40 | Yes | Yes | 1631 | 1548 | Thiazide + CCB | Thiazide + Placebo | > 65 | 61b | 100 | 12b | 29b | 2b | 10b |
| Wei et al. [24] (2013) | 48 | Yes | No | 363 | 361 | Thiazide, ACEi, BB or CCB | Thiazide, ACEi, BB or CCB | 76.5 (4.5) | 33 | 100 | 23 | 24 | nd | 6 |
| INVEST [27] (2014) | 24 | Yes | Yes | 4787 | 1747 | CCB/ACEi or BB/thiazide | CCB/ACEi or BB/thiazide | 70.7 (7.3) | 55 | 100 | 29 | 42 | 100 | 8 |
| < 130 versus ≥ 130 mmHg | ||||||||||||||
| LIFE [22] (2012) | 55 | Yes | Yes | 5704e | ARB or BB | ARB or BB | ≥ 65 | 54b | 100 | 13b | 16b | 16b | 4b | |
| SPS3 [12] (2015) | 42 | Yes | Yes | 248 | 246 | Any | Any | 79.9 (3.8) | 45 | 77 | 27 | 5 | 10 | 100 |
| SPRINT [13, 31] (2016) | 37 | Yes | Nod | 1317 | 1319 | Any | Any | 79.8 (4) | 38 | nd | 0 | 13b | 24,5 | 0 |
FU Follow-up time, SBPT Systolic blood pressure target, P-h/sa of RCTs Post-hoc analyses and subanalyses of randomized controlled trials, SD Standard deviation, BB, Beta-blocker, CCB Calcium channel blocker, ACEi Angiotensin converter enzyme inhibitor, ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker, antiHTN drug treatment Antihypertensive drug treatment, nd Not described. aSystolic blood pressure target study refers to analysis of different systolic blood pressure targets on cardiovascular outcomes or all-cause mortality. Therefore, studies that are not blood pressure target driven were included based on the criteria of having at least 3 mmHg systolic blood pressure difference between intervention and control group. b data retrieved from whole population. c hypertensive participants received antihypertensive treatment; d SPRINT trial evaluated the elderly population as a prespecified analysis. e data was combined from intervention and control groups