Table 2.
Baseline and achieved blood pressure levels and associated cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality
| Study name (year) | Baseline BP (SD, mmHg) | Final SBP (SD, mmHg) | Final DBP (SD, mmHg) | Outcome (HR or RR and CI 95%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBP | DBP | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Stroke | AMI | HF | CV mortality | All-cause mortality | |
| 140 to < 150 mmHg | |||||||||||
| HOT [14] (2000) | 175 (15) | 105.3 (3.9) | 143 (15) | 147 (16) | 83 (8) | 80 (7) | 0.85 (nd)b | 0.72 (nd)b | nd | 1.05 (nd)b | 0.98 (nd)b |
| 130 to < 140 versus ≥ 140 mmHg | |||||||||||
| EWPHE [30] (1989) | 182 (nd) | 101 (nd) | 134 (nd) | 152 (nd) | 84 (nd) | 88 (nd) | nd | nd | nd | 2.49 (1.34–4.57) | 2.00 (1.28–3.09) |
| JATOS [10] (2008) | 171.5 (9.7) | 89.1 (9.5) | 135.9 (11.7) | 145.6 (11.1) | 74.8 (9.1) | 78.1 (8.9) | 1.08 (0.74–1.56) | 0.99 (0.33–2.80) | 1.16 (0.41–3.12) | 1.28 (0.48–3.38) | 1.26 (0.85–1.85) |
| VALISH [11] (2010) | 165.5 (7.9) | 81.4 (6.7) | 136.6 (13.3) | 142 (12.5) | 74.8 (8.8) | 76.5 (8.9) | 0.68 (0.36–1.29) | 1.23 (0.33–4.56) | nd | 0.97 (0.42–2.25) | 0.78 (0.46–1.33) |
| ADVANCE [28] (2010) 65–74 yo | 146 (22) | 80 (11) | 135 (10.6) | 140.5 (15.7) | 77.8 (10.6) | 74 (5.1) | nd | nd | nd | 0.86 (0.67–1.10) | 0.84 (0.70–1.00) |
| ADVANCE [28] (2010) ≥ 75 yo | 151 (22) | 78 (11) | 137 (11) | 143.9 (18.2) | 75.7 (8.8) | 72(6.8) | nd | nd | nd | 0.65 (0.44–0.98) | 0.90 (0.68–1.19) |
| FEVER [21] (2011) | 154.3 (12)a | 92.5 (9.6) | 139.7 (nd) | 145.5 (nd) | 81.2 (nd) | 83.6 (nd) | 0.56 (0.41–0.74) | nd | nd | 0.51 (0.33–0.81) | 0.64 (0.45–0.91) |
| Wei et al. [24] (2013) | 159.54 (16.4) | 84.2 (9.5) | 135.7 (9) | 149.7 (11) | 76.2 (6.1) | 82.1 (7.5) | 0.57 (0.34–0.94) | 1.00 (0.42–2.33) | 0.37 (0.15–0.91) | 0.49 (0.31–0.77) | 0.58 (0.43–0.78) |
| INVEST [27] (2014) | 165.4 (13.8) | 90.2 (11.1) | 135.8 (nd) | 145 (nd) | nd | nd | 0.52 (0.35–0.79) | 0.83 (0.62–1.11) | 0.93 (0.63–1.36)b | 0.74 (0.56–0.99) | 0.97 (0.80–1.16) |
| < 130 versus ≥ 130 mmHg | |||||||||||
| LIFE [22] (2012) | 176.3 (13.2) a | 98 (9) a | 120 (nd) | 151 (nd) | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.28 (1.0–1.64) |
| SPS3 [12] (2015) | 144.4 (20) | nd | 125.2 (15.8) | 137.1 (14.6) | nd | nd | 1.01 (0.59–1.73)b | 0.77 (0.23–2.52)b | nd | 0.39 (0.16–0.92) | 0.83 (0.53–1.29)b |
| SPRINT [13] (2016) | 141.6 (15.7) | 71.2 (11.0) | 123.4 (8.3) | 134.8 (8.3) | 62.0 (5.5) | 67.2 (6.4) | 0.72 (0.43–1.21) | 0.69 (0.45–1.05) | 0.62 (0.40–0.95) | 0.60 (0.33–1.09) | 0.67 (0.49–0.91) |
BP Blood pressure, SD Standard deviation, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, HR Hazard ratio, RR Relative risk; CI 95% Confidence interval 95%, AMI Acute myocardial infarction, HF Heart failure, CV Mortality, cardiovascular mortality; nd, not described. aoutcome from a subanalysis or post-hoc analyses that was not adjusted. b data retrieved from the whole population