Table 4.

Geometric mean levels¹ of sex steroid hormones, SHBG, prolactin, and growth factors by typical menstrual cycle pattern at age 18–22 and in adulthood in premenopausal women.

	Menstrual cycle pattern at age 18–22					Menstrual cycle pattern in adulthood
	Very regular	Regular	Irregular	p trend2	Very regular	Regular	Irregular	p trend2
Estradiol, Follicular, pg/mL	50	47	43	<0.001	48	45	45	0.05
Estradiol, Luteal , pg/mL	134	133	128	0.21	134	127	123	0.01
Free Estradiol, Follicular, pg/mL	0.62	0.59	0.53	<0.001	0.59	0.56	0.56	0.16
Free Estradiol, Luteal , pg/mL	1.67	1.69	1.62	0.53	1.68	1.64	1.57	0.17
Estrone, Follicular, pg/mL	42	41	39	0.004	41	40	42	0.85
Estrone, Luteal , pg/mL	86	86	81	0.09	86	82	83	0.07
Estrone Sulfate, Follicular, pg/mL	642	700	690	0.31	665	664	780	0.39
Estrone Sulfate, Luteal , pg/mL	1390	1378	1391	0.99	1416	1336	1581	0.97
Progesterone, ng/dL	1041	1083	1090	0.14	1083	1058	1004	0.16
Testosterone, ng/dL	23	23	24	0.05	23	24	25	0.01
Free Testosterone, ng/dL	0.19	0.19	0.20	0.17	0.19	0.21	0.21	<0.001
Androstenedione, ng/dL	99	99	101	0.60	100	102	101	0.58
DHEA3, ng/dL	600	605	656	0.13	607	691	555	0.36
DHEAS, ug/dL	85	83	85	0.82	86	85	84	0.74
SHBG, nmol/L	64	62	63	0.52	64	60	62	0.02
Prolactin, ng/mL	15	14	14	0.45	14	16	14	0.29
GH, ng/mL	0.49	0.57	0.38	0.25	0.51	0.49	0.50	0.88
IGF-1, ng/mL	234	234	234	1.00	234	237	226	0.69
IGFBP-3, ng/mL	4776	4811	4795	0.63	4806	4756	4691	0.12
Excluding anovulatory and women reporting extreme luteal days3
Estradiol, Follicular	52	47	44	<0.001	50	45	43	0.002
Estradiol, Luteal					139	132	131	0.04
Free estradiol, Follicular	0.64	0.59	0.54	<0.001	0.61	0.56	0.53	0.01
Estrone, Follicular	42	40	39	0.004
Estrone, Luteal					87	82	83	0.04
Testosterone	23	23	24	0.14	23	23	24	0.14
Free testosterone					0.18	0.20	0.20	0.01
SHBG					66	61	65	0.01

¹Total sample size for hormones constant across exposures. Reported in table 2. Models were adjusted for assay batch, age at blood draw, fasting status , time of day of blood draw , month of blood draw, luteal days, anovulatory status (defined by progesterone >400 ng/dL), body size at age 10, BMI at age 18, adult BMI, duration of past oral contraceptive use, physical activity, smoking history and alcohol intake.

²Trend across categories of menstrual cycle pattern at age 18–22 or 3–6 years prior to blood draw, using the Wald test estimated by multivariate linear regression.

³Results displayed for those hormones with statistically significant trends among all women and hormones that became statistically significant after the exclusion. Exclusions defined as anovulatory - plasma progesterone <=400 ng/dL, irregular cycles - variation from cycle to cycle of greater than +/− 7 days, extreme luteal day - calculated by date of the first day of the next menstrual period minus luteal blood draw date.