Table 2.
Baseline subject characteristics
| Characteristic | Total N=109 |
Pedometer + Website (Intervention) N=57 |
Pedometer Alone (Control) N=52 |
Between Group P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Sex (Male) | 95 (98.2%) | 56 (98.3%) | 51 (98.1%) | 1.0 |
|
| ||||
| Age | 68.6±8.3 | 68.4±8.7 | 68.8±7.9 | 0.52 |
|
| ||||
| White race | 100 (91.7%) | 53 (93%) | 47 (90.4%) | 0.73 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.3±5.6 | 29.4±5.76 | 28.7±5.56 | 0.55 |
|
| ||||
| Pack-years | 61.6±41.4 | 61.9±34 | 61.1±48.0 | 0.24 |
|
| ||||
| Current smoker | 40 (36.7%) | 22 (36.1%) | 18 (34.6%) | 0.7 |
|
| ||||
| Current oxygen use | 26 (23.9%) | 15 (26.3%) | 11 (21.2%) | 0.65 |
|
| ||||
| Medication use | ||||
| LAMA | 59 (54.1%) | 38 (66.7%) | 21 (40.4%) | 0.01 |
| LABA | 53 (48.6%) | 33 (57.9%) | 23 (44.2%) | 0.18 |
| Inhaled corticosteroid | 59 (54.1%) | 33 (57.9%) | 26 (50%) | 0.45 |
|
| ||||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Coronary Artery Disease | 23 (21.1%) | 13 (25.0%) | 10 (17.5%) | 0.36 |
| Hypertension | 63 (57.8%) | 36 (63.2%) | 27 (51.9%) | 0.25 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 8 (7.3%) | 4 (7.7%) | 4 (7.0%) | 1.00 |
| Arthritis | 39 (35.8%) | 17 (29.8%) | 22 (42.3%) | 0.23 |
| Diabetes | 28 (25.6%) | 16 (28.1%) | 12 (23.1%) | 0.66 |
| Depression | 41 (37.6%) | 25 (43.9%) | 16 (30.8%) | 0.17 |
| Psychiatric Illness | 30 (27.5%) | 19 (33.3%) | 11 (21.2%) | 0.20 |
| Back Pain | 44 (40.4%) | 21 (36.8%) | 23 (44.2%) | 0.44 |
|
| ||||
| Baseline daily step count | 3444.8±2438.6 | 3148.6±2469.0 | 3769.5±2386.3 | 0.19 |
|
| ||||
| FEV1 (L) | 1.87±0.62 | 1.80±0.56 | 1.93±0.68 | 0.28 |
|
| ||||
| FEV1 % predicted | 62.6±21.6 | 60.2±21.2 | 65.2±21.9 | 0.22 |
|
| ||||
| 6-MWT distance (m) | 388.1±81.3 | 382.5±89.4 | 394.2±71.8 | 0.46 |
|
| ||||
| SGRQ-TS | 33.5±16.4 | 34.9±16.8 | 31.9±15.9 | 0.54 |
|
| ||||
| MMRC dyspnea score | 1.00 | |||
| 0-2 | 65 (59.6%) | 34 (59.7%) | 31 (59.6%) | |
| 3-4 | 44 (40.3%) | 23 (40.4%) | 21 (40.4%) | |
|
| ||||
| Beck’s Depression Inventory | 9.0 ±9.3 | 9.2 ±9.5 | 8.8 ±9.0 | 0.84 |
|
| ||||
| MOS Social Support | 3.6 ±1.1 | 3.5 ±1.1 | 3.7 ±1.2 | 0.23 |
|
| ||||
| Bristol COPD Knowledge | 41.4 ±16.8 | 44.1 ±14.6 | 38.5 ±18.6 | 0.08 |
|
| ||||
| Exercise Self-Efficacy | 63.6 ±22.1 | 60.9 ±22.8 | 66.5 ±21.2 | 0.19 |
|
| ||||
| Motivation to exercise daily* | 5.1 ±3.0 | 4.8 ±2.8 | 5.4 ±3.1 | 0.34 |
|
| ||||
| Confidence can exercise daily± | 7.4 ±2.4 | 7.0 ±6.3 | 7.9 ±7.3 | 0.05 |
|
| ||||
| Season of enrollment | 0.29 | |||
| Winter (Dec, Jan, Feb) | 12 (11.0%) | 4 (7.0%) | 8 (15.4%) | |
| Spring (Mar, Apr, May) | 34 (31.2%) | 18 (31.6%) | 16 (30.8%) | |
| Summer (Jun, Jul, Aug) | 28 (25.7%) | 13 (22.8%) | 15 (28.9%) | |
| Fall (Sep, Oct, Nov) | 35 (32.1%) | 22 (38.6%) | 13 (25.0%) | |
BMI = body mass index, LAMA = long-acting muscarinic antagonist, LABA = long-acting beta-agonist, 6-MWT = 6-minute walk test, SGRQ-TS = St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire Total Score, MMRC = Modified Medical Research Council, MOS = Medical Outcomes Study
In the Bristol’s COPD Knowledge, Exercise Self-Regulatory Efficacy, and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support questionnaires, higher scores represent greater knowledge, efficacy, and social support, respectively.
“Motivation to exercise” was assessed by subject self-report to the question “Overall, how motivated are you to exercise each day?” using a scale from 1-10 (1=not motivated, 10=extremely motivated).
“Confidence can exercise daily” was assessed by subject self report to the question “Overall, how confident are you that you can exercise each day?” using a scale from 1-10 (1=not at all confident, 10=extremely confident).