Table 1. Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 samples and isolates used for the retrospective analysis of a 2013 Legionnaires’ disease outbreak by core genome multilocus sequence typing, Germany (n = 45).
| Sample ID / source (C/E)a | Epidemiological context to outbreak | Culture | Monoclonal subgroupb | STc | Allelic profile (flaA, pilE, asd, mip, mompS, proA, neuA) |
Outbreak clusterd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L13–435 (C) | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| L13–438 (C) | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| L13–439 (C) | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| L13–444 (C) | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| L13–445/-446 (C)e | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| L13–473 (C) | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| L13–477 (C) | Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–845–1 (E) | Cooling tower, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 600 | 6, 10, 19, 28, 19, 4, 11 | NAf |
| W13–845–4 (E) | Cooling tower, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–845–8 (E) | Cooling tower, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 600 | 6, 10, 19, 28, 19, 4, 11 | NAf |
| W13–871–1 (E) | Condenser, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–873–1 (E) | Pump shaft, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–874–15 (E) | Pump shaft, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–875–15 (E) | River inlet, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–875–17 (E) | River inlet, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–876–13 (E) | Aeration basin, source C, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–878–1 (E) | River water, source D, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–879–1 (E) | River water, source D, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–952–4 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–953–3 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| W13–953–4 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| W13–954–3 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| W13–957–2 (E) | Outlet, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–959–3 (E) | Aeration basin, source C, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| W13–959–4 (E) | Inlet from source B, source C, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| W13–1093 (E) | Cooling tower, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W13–1096–2 (E) | Cooling tower, source A, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W14–178 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W14–472 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W14–474 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| W14–476 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-B |
| W14–489 (E) | Pre-sedimentation basin, source B, Warstein outbreak | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | ST345-A |
| P13–308 (C) | Clinical sample, Warstein outbreak | - | NDf | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| P13–402 (C) | Clinical sample, Warstein outbreak | - | NDf | ND | 6, 10, 0, 3, 0, 4, 11 | NAg |
| P13–733 (C) | Clinical sample, Warstein outbreak | - | NDf | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV1461 (C) | Unrelated isolate (France) | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV1647 (E) | Unrelated isolate (the Netherlands) | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV1654 (C) | Unrelated isolate (the Netherlands) | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV3674 (C) | Unrelated isolate (the Netherlands) | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV5358 (C) | Unrelated isolate (France) | + | OLDA | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV6345 (C) | Unrelated isolate (France) | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| EULV9125 (C) | Unrelated isolate (France) | + | Knoxville | 345 | 6, 10, 19, 3, 19, 4, 11 | NAg |
| Corby (C) | Unrelated isolate (United Kingdom) | + | Knoxville | 51 | 6, 10, 15, 28, 9, 14, 6 | NAg |
| Alcoy 2300/99 (C) | Unrelated isolate (Spain) | + | Knoxville | 578 | 6, 10, 15, 13, 9, 14, 6 | NAg |
C: clinical sample; E: environmental sample; ID: identity; NA: not applicable; ND: not determined; ST: sequence type.
a Source of sample: C corresponds to clinical isolates; E corresponds to environmental isolates.
b Monoclonal subgrouping as described by Helbig et al. [9].
c Sequence-based typing by using Sanger sequencing according to the ESCMID Study Group for Legionella Infections (ESGLI) protocol [10].
d Outbreak ST345 strain cluster assignment by core genome multilocus sequence typing.
e Isolates L13–445/-446 were isolated from the same patient.
f The molecular antibody-subgroup and/or sequence type were/was not determined because no isolate was obtained and/or because of incomplete direct sequence-based typing.
g Cluster assignment within the ST345 outbreak strain was not applicable when the isolate was from a chosen non-outbreak reference strain, when the isolate had another ST than ST345, or when no isolate could be obtained.