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. 2017 Dec 6;7:17106. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17052-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Topographical plots of paired pulse SICI and ICF paradigms. Left graph shows topographical distribution of healthy controls for each condition (CS, TS, SICI and ICF) and each TEP component (P30, N45, P60, N100, and P180). In healthy controls, TEPs by SICI reduced over the prefrontal area on P60 component, whereas TEPs by ICF increased over the left prefrontal area on P60 (i.e. more excitatory modulation) and N100 (i.e. less inhibitory modulation) components. In contrast, in right graph of patients group, the topographical changes are poor as a whole but there was a reduction of TEP N45 over the left prefrontal area.